鸡传染性喉气管炎重组鸡痘病毒基因工程疫苗研究回顾与展望

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鸡传染性喉气管炎是鸡的一种急性上呼吸道接触性传染病，主要依靠弱毒活疫苗的主动接种免疫来预防。目前用于预防传染性喉气管炎的疫苗均是中强毒力的活疫苗，使用时均有较强的副反应，仅能在疾病的流行地区使用。1996年，童光志等率先开展了“鸡传染性喉气管炎重组鸡痘病毒基因工程疫苗”的研究，获得了表达传染性喉气管炎病毒gB基因的重组鸡痘病毒。与传染性喉气管炎弱毒疫苗相比，该疫苗更安全，不形成潜伏感染，既可用于鸡传染性喉气管炎流行地区，又可在清净鸡群使用，且对疫苗接种或强毒感染的鸡可用血清学方法加以鉴别。2006年，由中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所主持完成的“鸡传染性喉气管炎重组鸡痘病毒基因工程疫苗”获得国家科技进步二等奖。本文对该成果的研究历史、开创性人物及其贡献、相关追随性或验证性研究进行了介绍，同时对本成果研究有待解决的问题及未来研究与应用展望等展开了讨论。

关键词: 鸡传染性喉气管炎 , 重组鸡痘病毒 , 重组疫苗

Abstract: Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an economically important acute viral upper respiratory tract infection of chickens. Present vaccines for ILT are all modified live viruses derived either by sequential passage in cell cultures or embryonated chicken eggs. As immunogenicity of ILTV usually correlates with its virulence, almost all modified live ILTV are insufficiently attenuated and have shown a variety of side effects. Therefore, vaccination has generally been used only in areas where the disease is endemic. A recombinant fowlpox virus expressed glycoprotein B of ILTV WG strain was constructed by TONG Guang Zhi et al in 1996. The recombinant vaccine is safer than attenuated vaccine for it does not cause latency infection. It can be applied not only in ILTV epidemic areas, but also in ILTV-free chicken farms. Serology methods can discriminate vaccinated chickens and highly virulent ILTV infected chickens. In 2006, the recombinant vaccine against both infectious laryngotracheitis and fowl pox was granted the second class National Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress. Here, it is reviewed that the history of the development of these vaccines, give a brief introduction of the investigators who led these research activities and their contributions to the projects, described the social demand and academic value.

Key words: Infectious laryngotracheitis , Recombinant fowlpox virus , Recombinant vaccine

王云峰，童光志. 鸡传染性喉气管炎重组鸡痘病毒基因工程疫苗研究回顾与展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2007, 40(增刊): 3379-3385.

WANG Yun-feng, TONG Guang-zhi. Review and Prospect of Bivalent Recombinant Vaccine Against Infectious Laryngotracheitis and Fowlpox[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2007, 40(增刊): 3379-3385.

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