花色苷是影响植物颜色和营养品质的重要色素。MYBs在植物花色苷的合成和积累中起着重要作用。然而，MYB转录因子在亚麻花的花色苷合成中的调节作用尚不清楚。在本研究中，从亚麻基因组中共鉴定出402个MYB转录因子，这些MYB成员在15条染色体上分布不均。其中，R2R3-LuMYB成员被分为32个亚家族。实时荧光定量（qRT-PCR）分析显示，进化树相邻亚家族中的7个R2R3-LuMYB基因具有相似的表达模式，其中LuMYB216在不同颜色的花瓣中高度表达。此外，对LuMYB216在亚麻中进行基因编辑后，观察到突变体植物的花瓣颜色、花药颜色和种皮颜色明显浅于野生型植株。测定lumyb216突变体植株的花瓣和种皮的花色苷，发现含量较野生型显著降低。相关分析表明，LuMYB216与其上游调控因子bHLH30共表达，且显著正相关。本研究系统分析了亚麻中的MYB基因家族，为研究LuMYB216在亚麻花的花色苷合成中的调控奠定了基础。

Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent for plant soil-borne diseases, and the lipopeptide fengycin is one of the active antifungal compounds in strain NCD-2.  The regulator phoP and its sensor kinase PhoR compose a two-component system in B. subtilis.  In this study, the phoR- and phoP-knockout mutants were constructed by in-frame deletion and the role of PhoR/phoP on the production of fengycin was determined.  Inactivation of phoR or phoP in  B. subtilis decreased its inhibition ability against Botrytis cinerea growth in vitro compared to the strain NCD-2 wild type.  The lipopeptides were extracted from strain NCD-2 wild type and its mutant strains by hydrochloric acid precipitate, and the lipopeptides from phoR-null mutant or phoP-null mutant almost lost the inhibition ability against B. cinerea growth compared to the lipopeptides from strain NCD-2 wild type.  Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) analysis of the lipopeptides showed that inactivation of phoR or phoP genes reduced the production of fengycin by strain NCD-2.  The fengycin production abilities were compared for bacteria under low-phosphate medium (LPM) and high-phosphate medium (HPM), respectively.  Results indicated that the regulation of fengycin production by the PhoR/PhoP two-component system occurred in LPM but not in HPM.  Reverse transcriptional-PCR confirmed that the fengycin synthetase gene fenC was positively regulated by phoP when cultured in LPM.  All of these characteristics could be partially restored by complementation of intact phoR or phoP gene in the mutant.  These data indicated that the PhoR/PhoP two-component system greatly regulated fengycin production and antifungal ability in B. subtilis NCD-2 mainly under low-phosphate conditions.

Setosphaeria turcica, an essential phytopathogenic fungus, is the primary cause of serious yield losses in corn; however, its pathogenic mechanism is poorly understood. We cloned STK2, a newly discovered mitogen-activated protein kinase gene with a deduced amino acid sequence that is 96% identical to MAK2 from Phaeosphaeria nodorum, 56% identical to KSS1 and 57% identical to FUS3 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To deduce Stk2 function in S. turcica and to identify the genetic relationship between STK2 and KSS1/FUS3 from S. cerevisiae, a restructured vector containing the open reading frame of STK2 was transformed into a fus3/kss1 double deletion mutant of S. cerevisiae. The results show that the STK2 complementary strain clearly formed pseudohyphae and ascospores, and the strain grew on the surface of the medium after rinsing with sterile water and the characteristics of the complementary strain was the same as the wild-type strain. Moreover, STK2 complemented the function of KSS1 in filamentation and invasive growth, as well as the mating behavior of FUS3 in S. cerevisiae, however, its exact functions in S. turcica will be studied in the future research.