盐分会损害大豆的萌发、生长和产量。萌发期是大豆生长发育的关键时期。野生大豆中含有许多抗性基因，是大豆遗传改良的宝贵资源。为了确定野生大豆在盐胁迫下种子萌发期间激活的遗传位点，本研究对两个群体的3个耐盐相关性状进行了筛选，其中一个是包含142个家系的大豆种间杂交群体，另一个是包含121份野生大豆材料的自然群体。利用3个耐盐指标的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记，在两个环境下通过连锁定位和全基因组关联研究(GWAS)检测到25个数量性状位点(QTLs)，21个显著SNPs [-Log10(P)≥4.0]和24个潜在SNPs [3.5<-Log10(P)<4.0]。根据这些SNPs和QTLs鉴定出关键遗传区域。根据W05基因组的基因功能注释和盐诱导基因表达实时荧光定量PCR分析，选择GsAKR1作为野生大豆萌发阶段响应盐胁迫的候选基因。这些结果有助于确定野生大豆耐盐遗传网络，并为耐盐大豆的分子标记辅助选择提供依据。

The insensitive response to photoperiod and temperature is an important quantitative trait for soybean in wide adaptation breeding. The natural variation in response to photoperiod and temperature was detected using 275 accessions of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] from China. Genome-wide association mapping, based on population structure analysis, was carried out using 118 SSR markers by the TASSEL GLM (general linear model) program. Nine SSR markers (P<0.01) were associated with the value of the response to photoperiod and temperature (VRPT) caused by days to flowering (DF), among which, Satt308 (LG M), Satt150 (LG M) and Satt440 (LG I), were identified in both 2006 and 2007. Twelve SSR markers (P<0.01) were associated with VRPT caused by days to maturity (DM), among which three markers, Satt387 (LG N), Satt307 (LG C2) and AW310961 (LG J), were detected in both 2006 and 2007. In addition, a total of 20 elite alleles were screened out over 2006 and 2007 for being associated with an insensitive response to photoperiod and temperature (IRPT) caused by DF and a total of seven different elite alleles were screened out for being associated with IRPT caused by DM. Among these elite alleles, five alleles, Satt150-244, Satt308-164, Satt308-206, Satt440-176, and Satt440-206, were associated with IRPT caused by DF and were identified in both years, but only one allele, Satt307-170, was identified as being associated with an IRPT caused by DM. Based on these elite alleles, a set of typical accessions were screened out. The result about the genetic basis of IRPT is meaningful for soybean wide adaption breeding.

Cytoplasmic male sterility plays an important role in utilization of crop heterosis. Screening of soybean for novel genes related to male sterility in soybean could provide a basis for studying the molecular mechanism of male sterility in plants. In this study, gene differential expressions between the cytoplasmic male-sterile line NJCMS1A and its maintainer line NJCMS1B in soybean were analyzed using cDNA-AFLP. A differentially expressed fragment, GmMF-T4A15, was isolated from large flower buds of NJCMS1B. By searching the soybean genomic library and PCR amplification, the cDNA fulllength sequence of 1 311 bp was obtained and named GmMF1. The expression characteristics of GmMF1 were studied by semiquantitative real-time PCR and real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that GmMF1 was expressed highly in flower buds of NJCMS1B. The deduced protein contains 436 amino acids and shows high similarity to members of the DUF620 protein family with unknown functions in other plant species. It is predicted that the protein encoded by GmMF1 is localized in the nucleus.