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1. PcERF5通过激活并与PcMYB互作促进红肉梨花青苷合成
CHANG Yao-jun, CHEN Guo-song, YANG Guang-yan, SUN Cong-rui, WEI Wei-lin, Schuyler S. KORBAN, WU Jun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (9): 2687-2704.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.07.007
摘要225)      PDF    收藏

红皮梨因鲜艳的果皮色泽受消费者喜爱,对其果皮花青苷生物合成分子调控机制已有较多的研究;而红肉梨仅存在于少数西洋梨中,目前对红肉梨中花青苷合成的分子调控机制知之甚少。本研究基于红肉与白肉西洋梨的转录组比较分析,鉴定到一个在果肉中表达趋势与花青苷含量变化显著相关的乙烯响应因子PcERF5。进一步通过瞬时转化梨果皮和稳定转化苹果愈伤组织,验证了候选基因PcERF5调控花青苷生物合成的功能。研究表明,PcERF5可通过不同途径调控花青苷的生物合成。一方面,PcERF5激活了花青苷生物合成途径中结构基因(PcDFRPcANSPcUFGT)以及PcMYB10PcMYB114关键转录因子的表达。另一方面,PcERF5PcMYB10互作形成ERF5-MYB10蛋白复合体,增强了PcERF5对其靶基因的转录激活。因此,本研究揭示了PcERF5作为转录激活子促进西洋梨果肉中花青苷合成的功能,研究结果不仅为花青苷生物合成的调控机制提供了新的见解,也为红肉梨的分子育种提供了理论指导

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2. Biological and molecular characterization of tomato brown rugose fruit virus and development of quadruplex RT-PCR detection
YAN Zhi-yong, ZHAO Mei-sheng, MA Hua-yu, LIU Ling-zhi, YANG Guang-ling, GENG Chao, TIAN Yan-ping, LI Xiang-dong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (7): 1871-1879.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63275-0
摘要192)      PDF    收藏

番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV)是2015年首次报道的一种烟草花叶病毒属病毒,是番茄安全生产的严重威胁。该病毒已经传播到美洲、亚洲和欧洲的十个国家。2019年,ToBRFV在中国山东发生。本论文旨在明确ToBRFV山东分离物(ToBRFV-SD)的症状、寄主范围和分子特性,并建立一种有效的检测方法。田间调查ToBRFV-SD在不同品种的症状表现。将ToBRFV-SD接种辣椒、本氏烟、马铃薯、茄子、中烟102和50个番茄品种,鉴定其寄主范围。分段克隆ToBRFV-SD基因组片段,并测定其序列;利用BioEdit version 7.2.6比对ToBRFV所有分离物的全基因组序列,分析序列一致率;利用MEGA version 10.1.5构建系统发育树。根据ToBRFV、烟草花叶病毒(tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)、番茄花叶病毒(tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)和番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV)等四种番茄重要病毒基因组的保守区域设计特异性引物,建立四重RT-PCR检测体系。ToBRFV-SD在番茄叶片引起不同程度的花叶和疱斑,在花萼和花梗上引起坏死,在番茄果实上引起畸形、黄斑和褐色皱缩坏死斑。ToBRFV-SD可侵染番茄、辣椒和本氏烟,隐症侵染马铃薯、茄子和烟草品种中烟102。测试的50个番茄品种均不抗ToBRFV-SD。ToBRFV-SD和以色列分离物ToBRFV-IL基因组的核苷酸和氨基酸一致率最高。在基于全基因组序列的系统进化树中,所有ToBRFV分离物聚集到一个分枝,与烟草花叶病毒分枝距离较近。随后,我们建立了四重RT-PCR检测体系,能够通过一个RT-PCR反应,同时检测并区分ToBRFV、TMV、ToMV和TSWV。本研究明确了ToBRFV-SD的症状、寄主范围和分子特性,建立了能区分ToBRFV、TMV、ToMV和TSWV四重RT-PCR检测体系,对指导ToBRFV的早期检测和防控有积极作用。


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3. Implications of step-chilling on meat color investigated using proteome analysis of the sarcoplasmic protein fraction of beef longissimus lumborum muscle
ZHANG Yi-min, ZHANG Xiu-ze, WANG Tian-tian, David L. Hopkins, MAO Yan-wei, LIANG Rong-rong, YANG Guang-fu, LUO Xin, ZHU Li-xian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (09): 2118-2125.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62028-3
摘要457)      PDF(pc) (5571KB)(308)    收藏
In order to improve beef color and color stability, step-chilling (SC) was applied on excised bovine longissimus lumborum muscle, with chilling starting at 0–4°C for 5 h, then holding the temperature at 12–18°C for 6 h, followed by 0–4°C again until 24 h post-mortem.  pH and temperature were measured during rigor on SC loins as well as those subjected to routine chilling (RC, 0–4°C, till 24 h post-mortem).  Color L*, a*, b* values, metmyoglobin (MetMb) content, MetMb reducing ability (MRA) and NADH content were determined on samples aged for 1, 7, and 14 d.  Sarcoplasmic proteome analysis was only conducted on d 1 samples.  The results showed muscles subjected to SC maintained a temperature at around 15°C for 5 to 10 h post-mortem, and exhibited a slow temperature decline, but rapid pH decline.  Beef steaks treated with SC had higher L*, a*, b* and chroma values than those of RC samples at 1 and 7 d chilled storage (0–4°C), while showing no significant difference for a*, b* and chroma values at d 14.  The SC samples also exhibited a lower relative content of surface MetMb, higher MRA and NADH content, compared with RC beef steaks during storage, indicating the SC-treated beef showed an improved color stability.  Eleven differential protein spots/nine proteins were identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, and those proteins were mainly involved in redox, chaperone binding, metabolic and peroxidase activity.  Oxidoreductases play a role in decreasing the oxidation-induced myoglobin oxidation and benefiting the production of NADH, and finally improving the colour of beef.  Of these, pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta showed a positive correlation with color L*, a*, b* values and accounted for more than 60% of the variation in color values; this protein can be considered as a potential beef color biomarker.  The present study provided valuable information for studies on the molecular mechanism of color improvement from step-chilling, as well as for identifying markers associated with beef color.
 
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4. QTL effects and epistatic interaction for flowering time and branch number in a soybean mapping population of Japanese×Chinese cultivars
YANG Guang, ZHAI Hong, WU Hong-yan, ZHANG Xing-zheng, Lü Shi-xiang, WANG Ya-ying, LI Yu-qiu, HU Bo, WANG Lu, WEN Zi-xiang, WANG De-chun, WANG Shao-dong, Kyuya Harada, XIA Zheng-jun, XIE Fu-ti
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (09): 1900-1912.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61539-3
摘要877)      PDF    收藏
   Flowering time and branching type are important agronomic traits related to the adaptability and yield of soybean. Molecular bases for major flowering time or maturity loci, E1 to E4, have been identified. However, more flowering time genes in cultivars with different genetic backgrounds are needed to be mapped and cloned for a better understanding of flowering time regulation in soybean. In this study, we developed a population of Japanese cultivar (Toyomusume)×Chinese cultivar (Suinong 10) to map novel quantitative trait locus (QTL) for flowering time and branch number. A genetic linkage map of a F2 population was constructed using 1 306 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using Illumina SoySNP8k iSelect BeadChip containing 7 189 (SNPs). Two major QTLs at E1 and E9, and two minor QTLs at a novel locus, qFT2_1 and at E3 region were mapped. Using other sets of F2 populations and their derived progenies, the existence of a novel QTL of qFT2_1 was verified. qBR6_1, the major QTL for branch number was mapped to the proximate to the E1 gene, inferring that E1 gene or neighboring genetic factor is significantly contributing to the branch number.
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5. Development and evaluation of a herbal formulation with anti-pathogenic activities and probiotics stimulatory effects
ZHOU Qian, WANG Si-si, YANG Guang, ZHAO Wen, LI Hui-ling
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (05): 1103-1111.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61146-7
摘要1917)      PDF    收藏
   Searching alternative feed antibiotics is always a study hotspot in the field of animal production. In this study, the anti-pathogenic activities and probiotics stimulatory effects of 30 kinds of herbs were screened through Oxford cup method and Hungate roll method. 15 herbs showed significantly antibacterial activities (P<0.05) against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. Seven herbs showed greatly stimulatory promoting effects on Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum. Finally, five herbs were combined for the developed formulation with selective antibacterial properties and they were Mume Fructus (35%), Isatidis Folium (25%), Moslae Herba (20%), Chrysanthemi Indici Flos (13%) and Bupleuri Radix (7%). The herbal formulation showed significantly antibacterial abilities against four pathogens and stimulatory promoting abilities on two probiotics in vitro and the equivalent activities in broiler chickens in vivo against E. coli and L. acidophilus. The toxicity study showed it had no toxicity, which indicated that it would be a kind of preferred candidate for an alternative antibiotic in future animal production.
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6. Current status and trends of wheat genetic transformation studies in China
HE Yi, WANG Qiong, ZENG Jian, SUN Tao, YANG Guang-xiao, HE Guang-yuan
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (3): 438-452.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60934-5
摘要2286)      PDF    收藏
More than 20 years have passed since the first report on successful genetic transformation of wheat. With the establishment and improvement of transformation platform, great progresses have been made on wheat genetic transformation both on its fundamental and applied studies in China, especially driven by the National Major Project for Transgenic Organism Breeding, China, initiated in 2008. In this review, wheat genetic transformation platform improvement and transgenic research progresses including new techniques applied and functional studies of wheat quality, yield and stress tolerant related genes and biosafety assessment are summarized. The existing problems and the trends in wheat transformation with traditional methods combined with genomic studies and genome editing technology are also discussed.
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7. Effect of Drought Stress During Flowering Stage on Starch Accumulation and Starch Synthesis Enzymes in Sorghum Grains
YI Bing, ZHOU Yu-fei, GAO Ming-yue, ZHANG Zhuang, HAN Yi, YANG Guang-dong, XU Wenjuan, HUANG Rui-dong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2014, 13 (11): 2399-2406.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60694-2
摘要1171)      PDF    收藏
Starch content is a key factor affecting sorghum grain quality. The research of sorghum grain starch accumulation and the related synthesis enzyme activities has great significance for understanding the mechanisms of starch metabolisms. The differences between a high and a low starch content sorghum hybrids (Tieza 17 and Liaoza 11, respectively) in grain starch accumulation and the related synthesis enzyme activities were assessed following imposition of water stress during flowering stage. The total starch, amylase and amylopectin accumulation all decreased at the mid-late stage of grain filling under drought stress during flowering stage. The maximum and mean accumulation rates also decreased. During grain filling, soluble starch synthase (SSS), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), starch branching enzyme (SBE), and starch debranching enzymes (DBE) activities were all affected, though differently. Drought stress reduced starch accumulation in a larger extent for Tieza 17 than Liaoza 11. Drought stress during flowing stage reduced starch synthesis enzyme activities, thus reducing starch accumulation in grains, and the differences between starch components were also demonstrated under drought stress.
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8. Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) Residue Incorporation on CH4 and N2O Emission from a Double-Rice Paddy Soil
ZHU Bo, YI Li-xia, HU Yue-gao, ZENG Zhao-hai, TANG Hai-ming, YANG Guang-li, XIAO Xiao-ping
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 12 (9): 1537-1544.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8686
摘要2034)      PDF    收藏
Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy soils have seldom been estimated when leguminous green manure is applied as a nitrogen source. In this paper, gas fluxes were measured by using a pot sampling device combined with a static chamber method to estimate the effects of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L., CMV) on CH4 and N2O emissions and their integrated global warming potentials (GWP) in a double-rice cropping system. Four treatments (no nitrogen fertilizer, NF; urea as chemical fertilizer, CF; CMV incorporation, MV; 50% CMV incorporation and 50% urea, MVCF) were established. CH4 flux peaked on the 15th d after treatment application. Total season CH4 emission was increased by MV and MVCF by 370 and 209%, 152 and 66%, when compared with NF and CF, respectively. Most of the increased CH4 was emitted in the first two months after incorporation of CMV. N2O emission from CF was 17- and 5.6-fold higher than that from MV and MVCF, respectively. Application of CMV restricted N2O emission caused by the application of urea. Improved CMV residue management was needed to minify CH4 emission induced by the input of organic material. Despite the highest GWP being found in MV, we recommend CMV, when applied as an N source in paddy fields, as a potential mitigation tool for greenhouse gas emissions.
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