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1. 小麦高分子量谷蛋白Dy10亚基对面团特性和面制品品质的影响
WANG Yan, GUO Zhen-ru, CHEN Qing, LI Yang, ZHAO Kan, WAN Yong-fang, Malcolm J. HAWKESFORD, JIANG Yun-feng, KONG Li, PU Zhi-en, DENG Mei, JIANG Qian-tao, LAN Xiu-jin, WANG Ji-rui, CHEN Guo-yue, MA Jian, ZHENG You-liang, WEI Yu-ming, QI Peng-fei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (6): 1609-1617.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.041
摘要423)      PDF    收藏
高分子量谷蛋白(HMW-GS)是决定小麦加工品质的关键种子储藏蛋白类型。Dx5+Dy10是公认的优质HMW-GS组合,但Dy10亚基对加工品质的作用尚不清楚。本研究利用一份Dy10缺失突变体(含Dy10-null等位变异)和体外添加Dy10蛋白的方法研究了Dy10亚基的加工品质效应。Dy10-null等位变异可正常转录,但不表达蛋白。构建近等基因系,发现Dy10-null等位变异显著降低面筋指数、Zeleny沉降值、形成时间和稳定时间,弱化面团强度;降低HMW-GS含量,提高醇溶蛋白含量,降低谷醇比,提升饼干品质。体外添加纯化的Dy10蛋白,发现Dy10对饼干品质有负作用。综上,Dy10亚基与小麦面团强度密切相关,Dy10-null等位变异对弱筋小麦育种具有价值。
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2. 通过全基因组关联定位揭示四川小麦重要农艺性状的遗传位点和候选基因
ZHANG Zhi-peng, LI Zhen, HE Fang, LÜ Ji-juan, XIE Bin, YI Xiao-yu, LI Jia-min, LI Jing, SONG Jing-han, PU Zhi-en, MA Jian, PENG Yuan-ying, CHEN Guo-yue, WEI Yu-ming, ZHENG You-liang, LI Wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (11): 3380-3393.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.02.030
摘要238)      PDF    收藏

提高小麦产量是全球小麦育种者的长期目标。发掘优良遗传资源,解析小麦重要农艺性状的遗传基础,是小麦高产育种的必经之路。本研究评价了两年七个环境中由156个育成品种77个地方品种组成的四川小麦自然群体的9个重要农艺性状表现。农艺性状调查结果表明,地方品种分蘖较多,穗粒数(KNS)较高,育品种千粒重(TKW)和穗粒重(KWS)较高。9个农艺性状的广义遗传力(H 2)在0.74到0.95之间。用来自小麦55K SNP芯片的43198个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记进行群体结构分析可以将自然群体分为三组。基于混合线性模型Q+K方法的全基因组关联分析(GWAS)共鉴定出67个数量性状位点(QTL)。本研究主要对三个重要性状QTL进行了分析,即分别检测到的可育分蘖数(FTN)位点QFTN.sicau-7BL.1的四种单倍型、KNS位点QKNS.sicau-1AL.2的三种单倍型和TKW位点QTKW.sicau-3BS.1的四种单倍型。从2002—2013年区域试验的42个品种的产量表现来看,FTN-Hap2KNS-Hap1TKW-Hap2分别是每个QTL中的优良单倍型。具有三个优良单倍型的品种相比具有两个或一个优良单倍型的品种产量更高。此外,基于每穗粒数的QTL位点 QKNS.sicau-1AL.2开发了连锁的KASP-AX-108866053标记能2018年至2021年区域试验中鉴定63个品种的三种单倍型(或等位基因)。这些遗传位点和连锁标记可用于标记辅助选择或基于图谱的基因克隆,用于小麦产量的遗传改良。

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3. JIA-2020-1983不同的遗传背景下鉴定和验证稳定表达的小麦小穗数主效QTL
DING Pu-yang, MO Zi-qiang, TANG Hua-ping, MU Yang, DENG Mei, JIANG Qian-tao, LIU Ya-xi, CHEN Guang-deng, CHEN Guo-yue, WANG Ji-rui, LI Wei, QI Peng-fei, JIANG Yun-feng, KANG Hou-yang, YAN Gui-jun, Wei Yu-ming, ZHENG You-liang, LAN Xiu-jin, MA Jian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (6): 1551-1562.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63602-4
摘要268)      PDF    收藏

本研究基于小麦Wheat55K SNP芯片鉴定到两个主效且稳定表达的小穗数QTL。其中,QSns.sau-2SY-2D.1在之前的研究中已经被报道,而本研究中新鉴定到一个QTL(QSns.sau-2SY-7A),我们对其进行了深入分析。QSns.sau-2SY-7A的LOD值较高,介于4.46至16.00之间,解释10.21-40.78%的表型变异。QSns.sau-2SY-7A位于染色体臂7AL上4.75-cM的区间,侧翼标记为AX-110518554AX-110094527。我们对两个主效QTL的贡献和相互作用进行了深入的分析和讨论。我们进一步开发一个与QSns.sau-2SY-7A紧密连锁的KASP标记,在一个F2:3群体和一个包含101个小麦高代育种品系的自然群体中对该QTL的效应进行了验证。此外,在QSns.sau-2SY-7A定位区间中,预测到一个水稻中报道的调控小穗数的同源基因WAPO1,结合前人报道,该基因很有可能是该位点的候选基因。综上所述,本研究系统揭示了被广泛用于育种亲本的品系‘20828’的多小穗数遗传基础,并开发获得紧密连锁标记,有助于后续主效QTL的精细定位和育种利用


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4. JIA-2021-0745 通过全基因组关联研究鉴定和验证与小麦品质相关的新位点
PU Zhi-en, YE Xue-ling, LI Yang, SHI Bing-xin, GUO Zhu, DAI Shou-fen, MA Jian, LIU Ze-hou, JIANG Yun-feng, LI Wei, JIANG Qian-tao, CHEN Guo-yue, WEI Yu-ming, ZHENG You-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (11): 3131-3147.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.085
摘要203)      PDF    收藏
了解小麦品质相关性状的遗传基础有助于对小麦品质进行改良,本实验测定了多环境下236份小麦种质资源(包括 160 个栽培品种和76个地方品种)的蛋白质含量(GPC)、淀粉含量(GSC)和湿面筋含量(WGC),并使用 55K小麦芯片进行了混合线性模型 (MLM)分析。结果共鉴定了 12 个稳定的 QTL/SNP,与GPC、GSC和WGC 相关的位点分别有3个、7个和2个 QTL,它们分别位于1B、1D、2A、2B、2D、3B、3D、5D 和 7D 染色体上;表型变异解释 (PVE) 范围从4.2 至10.7%。与之前报道的 QTL/基因相比,5 个 QTL(QGsc.sicau-1BLQGsc.sicau-1DSQGsc.sicau-2DL.1QGsc.sicau-2DL.2QWgc.sicau-5DL)是潜在的新位点。本实验着重关注了位于5D染色体上与湿面筋浓度相关的稳定QTL,并成功开发了SNP AX-108770574AX-108791420 两个KASP 标记。其中AX-108770574中含有A-等位基因和AX-108791420中含有T-等位基因的品种表型显着高于(P<0.01)含有湿面筋浓度G-等位基因或C-等位基因的地方品种,表明开发的KASP 标记可用于分子育种,改良小麦品质。
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5. Genetic dissection of wheat uppermost-internode diameter and its association with agronomic traits in five recombinant inbred line populations at various field environments
LIU Hang, TANG Hua-ping, LUO Wei, MU Yang, JIANG Qian-tao, LIU Ya-xi, CHEN Guo-yue, WANG Ji-rui, ZHENG Zhi, QI Peng-fei, JIANG Yun-feng, CUI Fa, SONG Yin-ming, YAN Gui-jun, WEI Yuming, LAN Xiu-jin, ZHENG You-liang, MA Jian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (11): 2849-2861.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63412-8
摘要207)      PDF    收藏

下节间直径(UID)是与小麦穗部发育和丰产性相关的重要形态性状。而我们对其遗传基础的了解知之甚少。本文在5个小麦重组自交系(RIL)群体中利用高密度遗传图谱鉴定了控制UID的数量性状位点(QTL)。在5个RIL群体中共检测到25个UID QTL,分别位于1A、1D(3个QTL)、2B(2)、2D(3)、3B、3D、4A、4B(3)、4D、5A(5)、5B(2)、6B、7D染色体上。其中,5个主效且稳定的QTL:QUid.sau-2CN-1D.1QUid.sau-2SY-1DQUid.sau-QZ-2DQUid.sau-SC-3DQUid.sau-AS-4B分别在5个RIL群体的多个环境中检测到。QUid.sau-2CN-1DQUid.sau-2SY-1DQUid.sau-SC-3D 为三个新的UID 位点。我们进一步开发了与主效QTL紧密连锁的竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)标记,用于构建近等基因系(NILs)。此外,我们还在主效QTL的物理区间内预测了候选基因,这些候选基因大多与植物发育和水分运输有关。以中国春为参考基因组,我们对定位到的主效QTL的物理区间进行了比较,结果表明,QUid.sau-2CN-1D.1QUid.sau-2SY-1D可能是等位基因,进一步证实了它们的真实性和有效性。本文也对UID与其他农艺性状的相关关系及UID的大小进行了讨论。总体而言,我们的研究结果剖析了小麦UID的潜在遗传基础,为这些QTL的进一步精细定位和图位克隆奠定了基础


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6. Quantitative trait loci analysis for root traits in synthetic hexaploid wheat under drought stress conditions
LIU Rui-xuan, WU Fang-kun, YI Xin, LIN Yu, WANG Zhi-qiang, LIU Shi-hang, DENG Mei, MA Jian, WEI Yu-ming, ZHENG You-liang, LIU Ya-xi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (8): 1947-1960.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62825-X
摘要187)      PDF    收藏
Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW), possesses numerous genes for drought that can help breeding for drought-tolerant wheat varieties.  We evaluated 10 root traits at seedling stage in 111 F9 recombinant inbred lines derived from a F2 population of a SHW line (SHW-L1) and a common wheat line, under normal (NC) and polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress conditions (DC).  We mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for root traits using an enriched high-density genetic map containing 120 370 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 733 diversity arrays technology markers (DArT) and 119 simple sequence repeats (SSRs).  With four replicates per treatment, we identified 19 QTLs for root traits under NC and DC, and 12 of them could be consistently detected with three or four replicates.  Two novel QTLs for root fresh weight and root diameter under NC explained 9 and 15.7% of the phenotypic variation respectively, and six novel QTLs for root fresh weight, the ratio of root water loss, total root surface area, number of root tips, and number of root forks under DC explained 8.5–14% of the phenotypic variation.  Here seven of eight novel QTLs could be consistently detected with more than three replicates.  Results provide essential information for fine-mapping QTLs related to drought tolerance that will facilitate breeding drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.
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7. Characterization of starch morphology, composition, physicochemical properties and gene expressions in oat
Zheng Ke, Jiang Qian-tao, Wei Long, Zhang Xiao-wei, Ma Jian, Chen guo-yue, Wei Yuming, Mitchell Fetch Jennifer, Lu Zhen-xiang, Zheng You-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (1): 20-28.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60765-6
摘要1913)      PDF    收藏
Starch is the major carbohydrate in oat (Avena sativa L.) and starch formation requires the coordinated actions of several synthesis enzymes. In this study, the granule morphology, composition and physicochemical properties of oat starch, as well as the expressions of starch synthesis genes were investigated during oat endosperm development. Under the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we observed that the unique compound granules were developed in oat endosperms at 10 days post anthesis (DPA) and then fragmented into irregular or polygonal simple granules from 12 DPA until seed maturity. The amylose content, branch chain length of degree of polymerization (DP=13–24), gelatinization temperature and percentage of retrogradation were gradually increased during the endosperm development; whereas the distribution of short chains (DP=6–12) were gradually decreased. The relative expressions of 4 classes of 13 starch synthesis genes characterized in this study indicated that three expression pattern groups were significantly different among gene classes as well as among varied isoforms, in which the first group of starch synthesis genes may play a key role on the initiation of starch synthesis in oat endosperms.
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