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1. Polypropylene crisper and 1-MCP delay the softening, lignification and transcription levels of related enzyme genes of golden needle mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes)

WANG Wen-jun, LI Yao, LI Fu-hua, ZENG Kai-fang, MING Jian

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022, 21 (1): 249-260. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63764-4

摘要（143）

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采后新鲜金针菇孢含水量高，质地脆嫩，仍具有较高的生理活性和呼吸作用，从而极易发生衰老和品质劣化。本研究使用1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）和聚丙烯（PP）保鲜盒处理金针菇，分析了金针菇在贮藏过程中木质化和软化的变化情况。主要研究结果如下：PP保鲜盒包装能有效地延长金针菇的贮藏时间；1-MCP处理、PP保鲜盒包装及两种处理组合均能显著抑制木质素的积累，并降低纤维素、果胶含量，对木质化及软化相关酶（苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、肉桂醇脱氢酶（CAD）、纤维素酶（Cx）、果胶甲基酯酶（PME）和聚半乳糖醛酸（PG）活性有一定的抑制作用。其中，PP保鲜盒包装的抑制效果高于1-MCP处理，且两种处理组合效果最好。透射电镜（TEM）和扫描电镜（SEM）结果表明，PP保鲜盒包装和1-MCP处理相结合能有效地保持金针菇细胞结构的完整性和稳定性，防止质膜分离及细胞膜破裂。转录水平分析结果表明，PP保鲜盒包装和1-MCP处理相结合，能明显影响金针菇木质化和软化相关酶基因的表达。综上，1-MCP和PP保鲜盒包装可以有效的延缓金针菇在贮藏过程中的木质化和软化现象，延长贮藏期。

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2. Phenolic extract of Morchella angusticeps peck inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in vitro by inducing the signal transduction pathway of p38/MAPK

LI Fu-hua, ZHENG Shao-jie, ZHAO Ji-chun, LIAO Xia, WU Su-rui, MING Jian

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020, 19 (11): 2829-2838. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63322-6

摘要（126）

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Morchella angusticeps Peck, one of the most popular edible mushrooms, has attracted great attention due to its delicious taste and healthy properties. However, both its biological effects and the possible mechanism of action have not yet been known. We investigated the anti-proliferative activity of the phenolic extract derived from Morchella angusticeps Peck (MPE) against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results showed that MPE at non-cytotoxicity doses significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner with inhibitory rates ranging from 18 to 90% (P<0.01). The possible mechanism might be that MPE induced apoptosis through initiating the mitochondrial death pathway by regulating Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3. On the other hand, MPE might trigger cell cycle arrest at G₀/G₁/S phases by managing p21, Cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinases-4 (CDK4) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Additionally, MPE downregulated TRAF-2 and p-p53, while upregulated p-ASK1 and p-p38. Therefore, it could be inferred that MPE might induce the anti-proliferative function to HepG2 cells through the p38/MAPK signal transduction pathway.

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3. Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities in skins and pulps of eleven grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.)

LI Fu-xiang, LI Fu-hua, YANG Ya-xuan, YIN Ran, MING Jian

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019, 18 (5): 1148-1158. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62138-0

摘要（230）

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Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxidant activities than bound. In 11 cultivars, Muscat Kyoho extracts had the highest total phenolic content in skins (10.525 mg GAE g^–1 FW) and pulps (1.134 mg GAE g^–1 FW), and exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavening capacity (EC₅₀=11.7 µg mL^–1) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value (190.57 µmol TE g^–1 FW) of free phenolic in skin. In addition, the most abundant phenolics in grape skins were found to be flavonoids such as kaempferol in Kyoho skin (541.2 µg g^–1 FW), rutin, catechin and epicatechin in Muscat Kyoho skin (262.3, 86.3 and 70.0 µg g^–1 FW, respectively). Furthermore, the principal component analysis showed a strong difference of phenolic profiles with the cultivars, existing forms and distributions. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (P<0.05). Therefore, both skins and pulps were rich sources of bioactive phenolic compounds, and Muscat Kyoho was the ideal source among all samples.

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4. Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Möench and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth) Hulls, Brans and Flours

LI Fu-hua, YUAN Ya, YANG Xiao-lan, TAO Shu-ying , MING Jian

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013, 12 (9): 1684-1693. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60371-82012-10-19

摘要（1700）

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The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum Möench (FEM, three varieties) and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth (FTG, seven varieties) were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total phenolic content (TPC), as well as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Free phenolics were predominant in buckwheat hulls, brans and flours. FEM hulls extract exhibited the highest reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity with the average EC50 84.54 μg mL-1 and IC50 11.54 μg mL-1 respectively, FTG brans extract had the highest average TPC (24.87 mg GAE g-1 DW), and FEM flours extract showed the lowest TPC, reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the correlations among TPC, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power of all the samples were investigated. The rank correlation coefficient (rs) between reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat hulls, between TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat flours were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively (P<0.05). However, there is no significant correlation between the remaining indexes of hulls and flours, as well as the ten buckwheat brans. This result indicated that some non-phenolic compounds also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in hulls, brans and flours of buckwheats. This study demonstrated that buckwheat hulls and brans, rather than flours, are good source of antioxidants.

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