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1. 基于SLAF标记甜瓜果实相关性状和果肉硬度主要候选QTL位点ff2.1的定位

CHEN Ke-xin, DAI Dong-yang, WANG Ling, YANG Li-min, LI Dan-dan, WANG Chao, JI Peng, SHENG Yun-yan

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023, 22 (11): 3331-3345. DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.02.014

摘要（166）

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甜瓜果肉硬度（Flesh firmness, FF）是农业生产者和消费者关注的一个复杂且重要的性状，但目前针对甜瓜果肉硬度性状的遗传机制尚不清楚。本研究以软果肉甜瓜“P5”和硬果肉甜瓜“P10”配置杂交组合，构建F₂分离群体，通过QTL-SLAF测序和分子标记连锁分析，共鉴定112,844个SLAF位点，使用5,919个SNP标记构建了总遗传距离为1356.49 cM的连锁图谱。结合两年田间表型分析显示，控制果实长度（Fruit Length, FL）和宽度（Fruit Diameter, FD）的QTLs位点位于同一区间，控制单果重（Single-Fruit Weight, SFW）性状的QTL位于两条不同的染色体上。对于果肉硬度检测到一个主要QTL位点ff2.1，位于甜瓜2号染色体0.17 Mb的候选区域。利用429个F₂单株，将ff2.1候选区间缩小到28.3 kb区域，包含3个候选基因。本研究不仅鉴定了一个控制甜瓜果肉硬度的QTLs位点，同时也为甜瓜基因功能基因的研究提供了理论基础。

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2. Non-target-site and target-site resistance to AHAS inhibitors in American sloughgrass (Beckmannia syzigachne)

WANG Jing-jing, LI Xiang-ju, LI Dan, HAN Yu-jiao, LI Zheng, YU Hui-lin, CUI Hai-lan

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018, 17 (12): 2714-2723. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62021-0

摘要（285）

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American sloughgrass (Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald) is one of the most competitive and malignant weeds in rice-wheat rotation fields in China. American sloughgrass populations in the Jiangsu Province of China became less sensitive to acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors after repeated application for many years in these areas. Two suspected resistant American sloughgrass populations (R1 and R2) collected in the field were detected the resistance to inhibitors of AHAS in whole-plant dose-response assays, compared to the susceptible (S) population. These assays indicated that R1 showed low resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl (3.32-fold), imazapic (2.84-fold) and pyroxsulam (1.55-fold), moderate resistance to flazasulfuron (4.67-fold) and pyribenzoxim (7.41-fold), and high resistance to flucarbazone (11.73-fold). However, using a combination of the cytochrome P450 inhibitor, malathion, with mesosulfuron-methyl resulted in a reduction in R1 resistance relative to mesosulfuron-methyl alone. Furthermore, R2 was highly resistant to flazasulfuron (34.90-fold), imazapic (11.30-fold), flucarbazone (49.20-fold), pyribenzoxim (12.94-fold), moderately resistant to mesosulfuron-methyl (9.77-fold) and pyroxsulam (6.26-fold), and malathion had no effect on R2 resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl. The full-length of AHAS genes was sequenced and the AHAS enzymes were assayed in vitro in order to clarify the mechanism of resistance to AHAS inhibitors in R1 and R2 populations. The results demonstrated that R2 had a Pro-197-Ser mutation in the AHAS gene, and the sensitivity of R2 to the five AHAS inhibitors was decreased, which may result in R2 resistance to AHAS inhibitors. There was no mutation in the AHAS gene of R1, and there were no significant differences in enzyme sensitivity between susceptible (S) and resistant (R1) populations. An enhanced metabolism may be the main mechanism of R1 resistance to AHAS inhibitors.

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3. Effect of temperature on the development of sclerotia in Villosiclava virens

FAN Lin-lin, YONG Ming-li, LI Dan-yang, LIU Yi-jia, LAI Chao-hui, CHEN Hong-ming, CHENG Fang-min, HU Dong-wei

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016, 15 (11): 2550-2555. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61400-4

摘要（3004）

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The sclerotia of Villosiclava virens were found commonly in high altitude and the temperate regions, where the temperatures are relatively low in rice filling stage. To make sure if low temperature induce the sclerotial formation in V. virens, the inoculated rice panicles in laboratory and the diseased rice panicles cut from paddy fields were treated under different temperatures. The results showed that 3 days of night temperature at 15°C were enough to induce the sclerotial formation. The low temperature was much more effective for young balls with intact membranes. After appearance of chlamydospores on the ball surfaces, the sclerotium could not differentiate anymore. The sclerotia began to differentiate below the chlamydospore layer and gradually grew onto the ball surfaces. This suggests that low temperature in the early development stage of false smut balls is an important factor to induce the sclerotial differentiation, and rice cultivars with long growth periods are able to produce more sclerotium-bearing balls, which will produce mass of spores in paddy field in the coming year.

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4. Survey and examination of the potential alternative hosts of Villosiclava virens, the pathogen of rice false smut, in China

DENG Qi-de, YONG Ming-li, LI Dan-yang, LAI Chao-hui, CHEN Hong-ming, FAN Jing, HU Dong-wei

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015, 14 (7): 1332-1337. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61030-9

摘要（2021）

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Rice false smut is caused by ascomycete Villosiclava virens, whose potential alternative hosts have been assumed previously. Here its potential alternative hosts were surveyed and identified from 2008 to 2013 in the main rice-growing regions in China. Two common weeds in paddy fields, Digitaria sanguinalis Scop. and Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., were found to present the similar symptoms to smut diseases in a few individuals in 2012 and 2013 in Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces of China, respectively. After the examinations of the spore morphology, their infection and extension mode in hosts, pathogen cell wall components, and molecular identification, the two pathogens were identified to be the Basidiomycetes, Ustilago syntherismae and Ustilago trichophora, respectively. So far there has been no alternative host of V. virens to be identified in China. These suggest that the alternative hosts of V. virens, if they do exist, are not possible to play an important role in the pathogen life cycle and the disease epidemics.

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5. Rapid Recovery of Classical Swine Fever Virus Directly from Cloned cDNA

HUANG Jun-hua, LI Yong-feng, HE Fan, LI Dan, SUN Yuan, HAN Wen , QIU Hua-ji

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013, 12 (5): 877-883. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60258-0

摘要（1675）

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The reverse genetics for classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is currently based on the transfection of in vitro transcribed RNA from a viral genomic cDNA clone, which is inefficient and time-consuming. This study was aimed to develop an improved method for rapid recovery of CSFV directly from cloned cDNA. Full-length genomic cDNA from the CSFV Shimen strain, which was flanked by a T7 promoter, the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme and T7 terminator sequences, was cloned into the lowcopy vector pOK12, producing pOKShimen-RzT . Direct transfection of pOKShimen-RzT into PK/T7 cells, a PK-15- derived cell line stably expressing bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase, allowed CSFV to be rescued rapidly and efficiently, i.e., at least 12 h faster and 31.6-fold greater viral titer when compared with the in vitro transcription-based rescue system. Furthermore, the progeny virus rescued from PK/T7 cells was indistinguishable, both in vitro and in vivo, from its parent virus and the virus rescued from classical reverse genetics. The reverse genetics based on intracellular transcription is efficient, convenient and cost-effective. The PK/T7 cell line can be used to rescue CSFV directly from cloned cDNA and it can also be used as an intracellular transcription and expression system for studying the structure and function of viral genes.

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6. Conophylline Promotes the Proliferation of Immortalized Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Fetal Porcine Pancreas (iPMSCs)

ZHANG Hui-ru, LI Dan, CAO Hui, Lü Xiao, CHU Yuan-kui, BAI Yao-fu, JIN Ya-ping, PENG

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013, 12 (4): 678-686. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60286-5

摘要（1319）

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Conophylline, is a bis (indole) alkaloid consisting of two pentacyclic aspidosperma skeletons, isolated from Tabernaemontana divaricata, which has been found to induce b-cell differentiation in rat pancreatic acinar carcinoma cells and in cultured rat pancreatic tissue. However, the precise role of conophylline in the growth and survival of immortalized pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells (iPMSCs) derived from fetal porcine pancreas were not understood at present. To determine whether this molecule is involved in controlling the proliferation of iPMSCs, we examined the effects of conophylline on iPMSCs. We found that conophylline can robustly stimulate iPMSCs proliferation, even promote their potential differentiation into islet-like clusters analyzed by cell counting, morphology, RT-PCR and real-time PCR, Western blotting, glucose-stimulated insulin release and insulin content analysis. The effects of conophylline were inhibited by LY294002, which is the inhibitor of the PI3K pathway. These results suggest that conophylline plays a key role in the regulation of cell mass proliferation, maintenance of the undifferentiated state of iPMSCs and also promotes iPMSCs differentiated into insulin-producing cells.

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7. System fertilization improves soil quality and increases primary production in an integrated crop-livestock system

Vicente José Laamon Pinto Simões, Lóren Pacheco Duarte, Rafaela Dulcieli Daneluz Rintzel, Amanda Posselt Martins, Tales Tiecher, Leonardo Dallabrida Mori, Carolina Bremm, Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho

Journal of Integrative Agriculture DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.03.002
录用日期: 2025-03-12