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1.
Application of virus-induced gene silencing for identification of FHB resistant genes
FAN Yan-hui, HOU Bing-qian, SU Pei-sen, WU Hong-yan, WANG Gui-ping, KONG Ling-rang, MA Xin, WANG Hong-wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019, 18 (
10
): 2183-2192. DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62118-5
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136
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Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed several advantages to identify gene functions such as short experimental cycle, more broad hosts, etc. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of employing Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-based VIGS system to evaluate Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance were explored in wheat. With variable conditions tested, it showed that the maximal silencing efficiency 78% on spike was obtained when the recombinant BSMV was inoculated on flag leaf at flagging stage. However, the plant may reduce its own immunity to FHB when inoculated with BSMV. To induce this impact, different
Fusarium graminearum
strains were tested and SF06-1 strain was selected for FHB resistance evaluation. Using this system,
TaAOC
,
TaAOS
, and
TaOPR3
involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway were identified to positively regulate FHB resistance, which was underpinned by the results when silencing TaAOS in wheat by stable transgenic plants.
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2.
Multi-functional roles of
TaSSI2
involved in Fusarium head blight and powdery mildew resistance and drought tolerance
HU Li-qin, MU Jing-jing, SU Pei-sen, WU Hong-yan, YU Guang-hui, WANG Gui-ping, WANG Liang, MA Xin, LI An-fei, WANG Hong-wei, ZHAO Lan-fei, KONG Ling-rang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018, 17 (
2
): 368-380. DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61680-0
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692
)
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The mutation of the gene encoding a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein fatty acid desaturase (
ssi2
) has been proved to enhance pathogen resistance in several plants, while it’s potential to regulate biotic and abiotic stresses in wheat is still unclear. In this study, we cloned
TaSSI2
gene in wheat and provided several evidences of its involvement in multiple biological functions. By using barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in wheat, it was found that
TaSSI2
negatively regulated both powdery mildew and Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance, which was consistent with the phenotype observed in knock-out mutants of Kronos. The expression of
TaSSI2
was down-regulated by
in
vitro
treatments of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), but positively regulated by salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA), implying the cross-talk between different hormone signaling pathways involved in wheat to regulate biotic stresses is still to be elucidated. Furthermore, the up-regulated expression of
PR4
and
PR5
indicated that
TaSSI2
probably regulated FHB resistance by depressing the SA signaling pathway in wheat. In addition, the over-expression of
TaSSI2
increased the content of linolenic acid (18:3) and subsequently enhanced drought tolerance of transgenic
Brachypodium
. This phenomenon might be associated with its subcellular localization in the whole cytosol, partly overlapping with Golgi apparatus and the secreted vesicles. As a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein fatty acid desaturase,
TaSSI2
was proposed to be involved in cell lipid metabolism and carried targets out of the cell from membrane or wax synthesis, resulting in enhanced drought tolerance in plant.
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3.
Functional analysis of a wheat pleiotropic drug resistance gene involved in Fusarium head blight resistance
WANG Gui-ping, HOU Wen-qian, ZHANG Lei, WU Hong-yan, ZHAO Lan-fei, DU Xu-ye, MA Xin, LI An-fei, WANG Hong-wei, KONG Ling-rang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016, 15 (
10
): 2215-2227. DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61362-X
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1708
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The pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) sub-family of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter had been reported to participate in diverse biological processes of plant. In this study, we cloned three novel PDR genes in Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistant wheat cultivar Ning 7840, which were located on wheat chromosomes 6A, 6B and 6D. In phylogeny, these genes were members of cluster I together with
AePDR7
and
BdPDR7
. Subcellular localization analysis showed that
TaPDR7
was expressed on the plasmalemma. The quantitative real time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis showed that this gene and its probable orthologues in chromosomes 6B and 6D were both up-regulated sharply at 48 h after infected by
Fusarium graminearum
and
trichothecene deoxynivalenol
(DON) in spike. When knocking down the transcripts of all
TaPDR7
members by barely stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) system, it could promote the
F. graminearum
hyphae growth and made larger pathogen inoculation points in Ning 7840, which suggested that
TaPDR7
might play an important role in response to
F. graminearum
. Although salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) had been reported to possibly regulate wheat FHB resistance, here, we found that the three members of
TaPDR7
were negatively regulated by these three hormones but positively regulated by indoleacetic acid (IAA).
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4.
Association analysis of grain traits with SSR markers between Aegilops tauschii and hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
ZHAO Jing-lan, WANG Hong-wei, ZHANG Xiao-cun, DU Xu-ye, LI An-fei, KONG Ling-rang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015, 14 (
10
): 1936-1948. DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61070-X
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1348
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Seven important grain traits, including grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain perimeter (GP), grain area (GA), grain length/width ratio (GLW), roundness (GR), and thousand-grain weight (TGW), were analyzed using a set of 139 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in 130 hexaploid wheat varieties and 193 Aegilops tauschii accessions worldwide. In total, 1 612 alleles in Ae. tauschii and 1 360 alleles in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were detected throughout the D genome. 197 marker-trait associations in Ae. tauschii were identified with 58 different SSR loci in 3 environments, and the average phenotypic variation value (R2) ranged from 0.68 to 15.12%. In contrast, 208 marker-trait associations were identified in wheat with 66 different SSR markers in 4 environments and the average phenotypic R2 ranged from 0.90 to 19.92%. Further analysis indicated that there are 6 common SSR loci present in both Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat, which are significantly associated with the 5 investigated grain traits (i.e., GA, GP, GR, GL, and TGW) and in total, 16 alleles derived from the 6 aforementioned SSR loci were shared by Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat. These preliminary data suggest the existence of common alleles may explain the evolutionary process and the selection between Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat. Furthermore, the genetic differentiation of grain shape and thousand-grain weight were observed in the evolutionary developmental process from Ae. tauschii to hexaploid wheat.
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5.
Expression Comparisons of Pathogenesis-Related (PR) Genes in Wheat in Response to Infection/Infestation by Fusarium, Yellow dwarf virus (YDV) Aphid-Transmitted and Hessian Fly
WU Shi-wen, WANG Hong-wei, YANG Zai-dong , KONG Ling-rang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014, 13 (
5
): 926-936. DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60570-5
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2524
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Expression profiles of ten pathogenesis-related (PR) genes during plant defense against Fusarium, Yellow dwarf virus (YDV) aphid-transmitted and Hessian fly (Hf) were compared temporally in both resistant and susceptible genotypes following pathogen infection or insect infestation. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that PR1, PR2, PR3, PR5, PR6, PR8, PR9, and PR15 appeared to be induced or suppressed independently in response to Fusarium, YDV aphid-transmitted or Hf during the interactions. The PR gene(s) essential to defense against one organism may play little or no role in defense against another pathogen or pest, suggesting the alternative mechanisms may be involved in different interactions of wheat- Fusarium, wheat-YDV aphid-transmitted and wheat-Hf. However, strong up- or down-regulation of PR12 and PR14 encoding low molecular membrane acting protein, defensin and lipid transfer protein (LTP), respectively, had been detected after either pathogen infection or insect infestation, therefore showed broad responses to pathogens and insects. It was postulated that low molecular proteins such as defensins and LTPs might play a role in the early stages of pathogenesis in the signaling process that informs plants about the attack from biotic stresses. In addition, a synergistic action between different PR genes might exist in plants to defense certain pathogens and insects on the basis of comprehensive expression profiling of various pathogenesis-related genes revealed by qRT-PCR in this study.
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