根际黄酮类化合物缓解玉米-大豆带状间作荫蔽对大豆结瘤的抑制作用

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.030

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 952-964.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.030

根际黄酮类化合物缓解玉米-大豆带状间作荫蔽对大豆结瘤的抑制作用

收稿日期:2024-05-05 修回日期:2024-09-26 接受日期:2024-09-06 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-02-06

Rhizosphere flavonoids alleviate inhibition of soybean nodulation caused by shading under maize–soybean strip intercropping

Ping Lin^1*, Shanshan Liu^{1, 2*}, Zhidan Fu¹, Kai Luo¹, Yiling Li¹, Xinyue Peng¹, Xiaoting Yuan¹, Lida Yang¹, Tian Pu¹, Yuze Li¹, Taiwen Yong^1#, Wenyu Yang¹

¹College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610000, China
²Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Renhuai 564500, China

Received:2024-05-05 Revised:2024-09-26 Accepted:2024-09-06 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-02-06
About author:#Correspondence Taiwen Yong, E-mail: yongtaiwen@sicau.edu.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
Supported by:
This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1000500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32372231) (3187101212), and the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-04-PS21).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

豆科植物根系产生的黄酮类化合物是作为诱导共生根瘤菌nod基因的信号分子。然而，间作系统中根系分泌物中的黄酮类化合物对间作大豆结瘤的促进作用尚不清楚。采用玉米-大豆带状间作，即种间间距30 cm(MS30)、45 cm(MS45)、60 cm(MS60)和单一大豆/玉米：SS/MM，以及根相互作用，即根无屏障（NB）和根聚乙烯塑料屏障（PB），进行了为期两年的田间试验，评价根分泌物中类黄酮与结瘤的关系。结果发现，大豆和玉米之间的根-根相互作用提高间作大豆的根瘤数和鲜重。这种增强作用随着种间距离的扩大而逐渐增加。NB大豆直径大于0.4cm的根瘤占比高于PB大豆。根瘤形成相关基因GmENOD40、GmNIN2b和GmEXPB2表达上调。此外，与单间作相比，间作条件下大豆根系的异黄酮分泌减少，玉米和大豆根系的类黄酮和黄酮醇分泌增加。玉米和大豆根际黄酮类差异代谢产物的分泌随根屏障的增加而下降。在根系相互作用下，GmCHS8和GmIFS1在大豆根系中表达上调，GmICHG表达下调。黄酮类化合物和黄酮醇类化合物大多与结节直径呈正相关。经玉米根系分泌物处理的不同基因型大豆的根瘤数、根瘤鲜重和直径大于0.2 cm的根瘤比例均有所增加，促进了固氮能力的提高。因此，玉米-大豆带状间作结合合理的间距，可增强地下根系互作的积极作用，提高间作大豆的结瘤和固氮能力。

Abstract:

Flavonoids produced by legume roots act as signaling molecules that induce the expression of nod genes in symbiotic rhizobia. However, the role of flavonoids in root exudates under intercropping systems in promoting soybean nodulation remains unclear. Two consecutive years of field experiments were conducted using maize–soybean strip intercropping with interspecific row spacings of 30 cm (MS30), 45 cm (MS45), and 60 cm (MS60), along with sole cropping of soybean (SS) and maize (MM). Root interactions were manipulated using either no root barrier (NB) or a polyethylene plastic barrier (PB) to assess the relationship between flavonoids in root exudates and soybean nodulation. We found that root–root interaction between soybean and maize increased nodule number and fresh weight in intercropped soybean, with enhancement gradually increasing as interspecific distance widened. The proportion of nodules with diameters exceeding 0.4 cm was higher in intercropped soybean under NB compared to PB. Additionally, the expression of nodule-related genes - GmENOD40, GmNIN2b, and GmEXPB2 - was up-regulated. Furthermore, compared to monocropping, isoflavone secretion by soybean roots decreased, whereas flavonoid and flavonol secretion by both maize and soybean roots increased under intercropping. The abundance of differentially secreted flavonoid metabolites in the rhizosphere of both species declined when root contact was prevented by the barrier. In soybean roots, the expression of GmCHS8 and GmIFS1 was up-regulated, while GmICHG was down-regulated under root interaction. Most flavonoid and flavonol compounds showed positive correlations with nodule diameter. Nodule number, fresh weight, and the proportion of nodules larger than 0.2 cm increased in diverse soybean genotypes treated with maize root exudates, which contributed to enhanced nitrogen fixation capacity. Therefore, maize–soybean strip intercropping, combined with optimal row spacing, enhances the positive effects of underground root interactions and improves nodulation and nitrogen fixation in intercropped soybean.

Key words: maize–soybean strip intercropping , root interaction , flavonoids , nodule

Ping Lin, Shanshan Liu, Zhidan Fu, Kai Luo, Yiling Li, Xinyue Peng, Xiaoting Yuan, Lida Yang, Tian Pu, Yuze Li, Taiwen Yong, Wenyu Yang. 根际黄酮类化合物缓解玉米-大豆带状间作荫蔽对大豆结瘤的抑制作用[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(3): 952-964.

Ping Lin, Shanshan Liu, Zhidan Fu, Kai Luo, Yiling Li, Xinyue Peng, Xiaoting Yuan, Lida Yang, Tian Pu, Yuze Li, Taiwen Yong, Wenyu Yang. Rhizosphere flavonoids alleviate inhibition of soybean nodulation caused by shading under maize–soybean strip intercropping[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(3): 952-964.

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根际黄酮类化合物缓解玉米-大豆带状间作荫蔽对大豆结瘤的抑制作用

Rhizosphere flavonoids alleviate inhibition of soybean nodulation caused by shading under maize–soybean strip intercropping

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