生防菌深绿木霉T23对敌敌畏的降解作用

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工农业生产中有机磷杀虫剂敌敌畏的大量使用对人类健康和环境生态安全构成了威胁。微生物降解有机磷农药残留是生物修复环境的重要途径。前期工作表明：木霉作为生防菌同时可以用来降解环境中的化学农药，但亟需阐明木霉降解敌敌畏的作用机制。试验表明：深绿木霉T23对敌敌畏的降解能力取决于敌敌畏的初始诱导作用、培养基养分和pH值的变化。敌敌畏胁迫下T23产生的不同初级和次生代谢产物可以为菌株提供能量和作为抗氧化剂来耐受敌敌畏的胁迫。结果表明：深绿木霉T23可以产生大量的胞内酶降解敌敌畏，T23产生的胞内酶活性随着时间、初始敌敌畏浓度、培养基中硫酸铵和磷酸盐含量的变化而变化。研究阐明了敌敌畏诱导的生防深绿木霉T23降解敌敌畏的酶动力学特点和作用机理，为环境中有机磷农药残留的微生物降解提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

Excessive use of organophosphate pesticides (OP), such as dichlorvos, in farming system poses a threat to human health through potential contamination of environment. To date, biodegradation has been prospected most promising approach to eliminate environmental OP residues. Trichoderma species as a biological control microorganism is often exposed to the chemical pesticides applied in environments, so it is necessary to understand the mechanism of degradation of dichlorvos by Trichoderma. In this study, dichlorvos significantly inhibited the growth, sporulation and pigmentation of T. atroviride T23, and the dichlorvos degradation activity of T23 required the initial induction effect of dichlorvos and the culture conditions, including the nutrient and pH values of the medium. Various changed primary and secondary metabolites released from T23 in the presence of dichlorvos were speculated as the energy and antioxidants for the strain itself to tolerate dichlorvos stress. The results showed that T23 could produce a series of enzymes, especially the intracellular enzymes, to degrade dichlorvos. The activities of the intracellular enzyme generated by T23 were differentially changed along time course and especially relied on initial dichlorvos concentration, ammonium sulfate and phosphate added in the medium. In conclusion, some dichlorvos-induced chemical degradation related enzymes of T23 were proved to be involved in the degradation of dichlorvos.

Key words: Trichoderma atroviride T23 , dichlorvos , intracellular enzyme , induced enzyme activity

SUN Jia-nan, SI Gao-yue, LIU Hong-yi, LI Ya-qian, WANG Xin-hua, CHEN Jie. 生防菌深绿木霉T23对敌敌畏的降解作用[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(9): 2746-2758.

SUN Jia-nan, SI Gao-yue, LIU Hong-yi, LI Ya-qian, WANG Xin-hua, CHEN Jie. Degradation effects on dichlorvos by a biocontrol strain, Trichoderma atroviride T23[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(9): 2746-2758.

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