Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2021, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 1229-1238.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63243-9

所属专题： 棉花合辑Cotton

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-30 出版日期:2021-05-01 发布日期:2021-04-12

Nitrogen spraying affects seed Bt toxin concentration and yield in Bt cotton

ZHANG Xiang1*, ZHOU Ming-yuan1*, LI Ya-bing2, LIU Zhen-yu1, CHEN Yuan1, CHEN De-hua1 
  

  1. 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
    2 Cotton Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, P.R.China
  • Received:2019-12-30 Online:2021-05-01 Published:2021-04-12
  • Contact: Correspondence CHEN De-hua, Tel: +86-514-87979357, Fax: +86-514-87996817, E-mail: dehuachen2002@yahoo.com.cn
  • About author:ZHANG Xiang, E-mail: yzzhangxiang@163.com; * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671613 and 31901462), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0100406 and 2017YFD0201306), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20191439), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (17KJA210003), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD), and the Brand Professional Construction Program of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China.

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摘要：

在转Bt基因抗虫棉（Bt棉）所有器官中，棉铃中杀虫蛋白含量最低。这也影响了Bt棉高产的获得。本文主要探讨了喷施不同浓度氮素（尿素）对Bt棉棉子中杀虫蛋白含量和籽棉产量的影响及其相关的生理机制。2017-2018年以泗抗3号（杂交种）和泗抗1号（常规种）为材料，在棉铃形成期，喷施不同浓度尿素。2017年设置0%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10% 等6个浓度；2018年设置0%、1%、3%、5%、7%、9%等6个浓度。尿素浓度对Bt棉棉子中杀虫蛋白含量和最终籽棉产量均有明显影响，其中喷施5%-6%尿素处理可显著提高供试品种棉子中杀虫蛋白含量且籽棉产量最高。进一步分析表明，喷施5%-6%尿素处理下，泗抗3号和泗抗1号棉铃中游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量、谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶(GPT)和谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT)活性均较高，但肽酶和蛋白酶活性却显著降低。相关性分析表明，游离氨基酸含量、GPT活性与棉子中杀虫蛋白含量呈显著线性正相关关系。此外，喷施5%-6%尿素后，供试品种田间棉铃虫数量及蛀铃率均显著降低，这也为最终高产的获得奠定了基础。喷施外源氮素可显著影响Bt棉棉子中杀虫蛋白含量，进而提高其对棉铃虫的抗性。其中喷施5%-6%尿素效果最为明显。


Abstract:

Cotton bolls exhibit the lowest insecticidal efficacy among all organs of Bt cotton, which would ultimately affect the yield formation.  The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different urea concentrations on the seed Bt protein contents, seed cotton yield and the corresponding protein metabolism mechanism.  The experiments were conducted during 2017–2018 cotton growing seasons.  Two cultivars, Sikang 3 (hybrid, SK3) and Sikang 1 (conventional, SK1), were treated with six urea concentrations and their seed Bt protein contents were compared during boll formation period.  The urea spray concentration had a significant effect on the seed Bt toxin content and seed cotton yield.  Spraying of either 5 or 6% urea led to higher insecticidal protein contents and higher seed cotton yield for both cultivars.  Moreover, the highest amino acid and soluble protein contents, as well as GPT and GOT activities, and lower protease and peptidase activities were observed at the 5 to 6% urea levels.  Significant positive correlations between the seed Bt toxin and amino acid contents, and between the seed Bt toxin content and GPT activities were detected.  The lower boll worm number and hazard boll rate were also observed with the 5 to 6% urea treatments, which may be the reason why nitrogen spraying increased the seed cotton yield.  Therefore, our results suggested that the seed Bt toxin content and insect resistance were impacted markedly by external nitrogen application, and 5 to 6% urea had the greatest effect on insect resistance.

Key words: Bt cotton ,  external nitrogen application , urea concentration ,  Bt toxin ,  protein metabolism