Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 4257-4267.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.12.050

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利用X-射线辐照成虫防控梨小食心虫的可行性研究

  

  • 收稿日期:2025-09-05 修回日期:2025-12-26 接受日期:2025-12-01 出版日期:2026-10-20 发布日期:2026-09-21

Feasibility of using X-ray to irradiate adult for control of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta in orchards

Xiaoting Sun1, 2*, Wei He2*, Jiajie Ma2, Bo Chu2, 3, Xianming Yang2, Kongming Wu2#   

  1. 1 School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China

    2 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

    3 Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China

  • Received:2025-09-05 Revised:2025-12-26 Accepted:2025-12-01 Online:2026-10-20 Published:2026-09-21
  • About author:#Correspondence Kongming Wu, E-mail: wukongming@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Project on Demonstrating Feasibility of the Sterile Insect Technique in the Control of Insect Pest (CPR5027), and the Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

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摘要：

梨小食心虫（Grapholita molesta Busck)是全球的重大果树害虫，昆虫辐照不育技术（SIT）是控制该虫的安全有效方法，但传统的钴源装置安全性要求和工厂化生产辐照昆虫蛹的高成本限制了这项技术的广泛使用。因此，研发基于可移动的X-射线装置辐照田间诱捕成虫的技术十分必要。本研究利用50-250 Gy X-射线辐照梨小食心虫成虫的结果表明，1日龄雄蛾的亚不育剂量为130 Gy，该剂量辐照能够导致雄蛾多数不育（76.34%）和雌蛾接近绝育（97.41%）。亚不育剂量辐照F0代雄蛾后，其不育性状可以遗传给F1代，且F1代的不育率（84.13%-93.61%）高于亲本不育率。其F1代种群的净增殖率R0、内禀增长率 r 和周限增长率 λ 均显著低于未辐照组。在20:1:1(辐照雄蛾：未照射雄蛾：未照射雌蛾)的释放比例下，辐照雄蛾的交配竞争力和不育率分别为0.4879和71.00%。利用亚不育剂量辐照田间性诱剂诱捕雄蛾的不育率为75.69%，表明辐照田间自然成虫与室内人工生产种群的不育效率具有实质等同性。本研究发展了基于X-射线辐照梨小食心虫成虫的新方法，为昆虫辐射不育技术的推广应用提供了新思路。

Abstract:

The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck, is a major pest of fruit trees worldwide, it is necessary to develop green control technology instead of the traditional chemical pesticide. Although the sterile insect technique (SIT) is a safe and effective method for controlling G. molesta, the high cost of mass rearing irradiated pupae hinders its widespread adoption. In this study, we identified the optimal sub-sterilizing X-ray dose for G. molesta adults and evaluated its effects on the mating competitiveness of males, growth and reproduction of the F1 generation population, and the sterility rate of field- caught males. The results showed that the sub-sterilizing dose of 1-day-old male was 130 Gy, which rendered most males sterile (76.34%) and females nearly sterile (97.41%). Moreover, the sterile trait of the male parents that had been irradiated with 130 Gy of X-rays was successfully transmitted to the F1 generation, whose sterility rate (84.13–93.61%) exceeded that of F0 males. The F1 generation population exhibited significantly lower values for the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) compared to the non-irradiated group. Furthermore, the competitive mating index and sterility rate of irradiated males were the highest when they were paired with unirradiated males and females at a release ratio of 20:1:1. The irradiating wild males captured by sex pheromones in peach orchards with the sub-sterilizing dose achieved a 75.69% sterility rate, comparable to the laboratory-reared population. This study introduces a novel X-ray irradiation method for adult G. molesta captured in the orchard field and lays a theoretical foundation for promoting the wide application of the SIT.

Key words: Grapholita molesta , sterile insect technique (SIT) , X-ray , sub-sterilizing dose , mating competitiveness