Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 769-785.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.08.022

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新型杀菌剂对根际微生物及植物健康的影响：以Y17991防治小麦纹枯病为例

  

  • 收稿日期:2024-02-25 接受日期:2024-07-08 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-01-22

Impact of a new pesticide on rhizosphere microbes and plant health: Case study of Y17991 against sharp eyespot in wheat

Xiangxia Yang1*, Tingting Chen2*, Libo Xiang2, Limin Liu3, Mi Wei1, 4#   

  1. 1 School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

    2 Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Crops in the Central Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Pest and Weed Control, Wuhan 430079, China

    3 Agricultural Technology Service Center of Yuxin Town, Tianmen 433000, China

    4 Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables of Hubei Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China

  • Received:2024-02-25 Accepted:2024-07-08 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-01-22
  • About author:Xiangxia Yang, E-mail: yangxx55@mail3.sysu.edu.cn; Tingting Chen, E-mail: 1257353854@qq.com; #Correspondence Mi Wei, Mobile: +86-18672580010, E-mail: weim29@mail.sysu.edu.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32270296), the Shenzhen Postdoctoral Scientific Research, China (77000-42100004), the Key Basic Research and Development Program of Hubei Province, China (2020BBA052), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2024A1515010498) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Sun Yat-sen University, China.

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摘要：

小麦纹枯病（Rhizoctonia cerealis）是一种广泛传播的土传真菌病害，严重威胁小麦健康，是我国小麦实现高产、稳产、优质的主要障碍之一。我们的合作团队开发了一种新型、高效且低毒的杀菌剂Y17991(N-(2-(2,4-bis- (trifluoromethyl) phenoxy) phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1- methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide)。前期室内试验证实了该药剂对小麦纹枯病有显著的抑制作用。本研究通过大田试验进一步证明了Y17991的有效性，防病指数达83.52％，比广泛使用的噻呋酰胺高1.97％，并显著增加了小麦产量。此外，本研究还探讨了Y17991对小麦根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响。结果表明Y17991对细菌群落的影响比真菌群落更大，并显著调节了患病小麦根际的关键氨基酸代谢途径和某些生物合成过程。它还增强了健康小麦根际的某些生物合成途径和代谢活动。此外，Y17991 的施用通过调节根际代谢物，从而对微生物群落产生了显著的调控作用。我们确定了 15 种可能参与防治 R. cerealis 的微生物菌株，Y17991 的施加促进了 Pedobacter 和 Bacillus 菌株的生长。这些菌株不仅有助于植物生长，还具有预防病害的潜力。总之，施用合理剂量的 Y17991不会显著影响非靶向根际微生物群落。未来我们将继续研究 Y17991 对土壤生态系统中原生动物和线虫等类群的影响。本研究为新型杀菌剂的科学应用与推广提供了理论依据，为建立农药影响环境生态系统的综合评价体系提供了重要的参考。

Abstract:

Sharp eyespot (Rhizoctonia cerealis) is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health, and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.  Our collaborative team has developed a novel, efficient, and low-toxicity fungicide named Y17991 (N-(2-(2,4-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide).  Preliminary laboratory tests confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of this agent on R. cerealis.  Large-area field trials also demonstrated its efficacy, with a disease prevention index of 83.52%, which is 1.97% greater than that of the widely used thifluzamide, and it significantly increased the wheat yield.  Moreover, this study explored the impacts of Y17991 on the structure and function of the microbial community in wheat rhizosphere soil.  Bacterial communities were more strongly affected than fungal communities.  Y17991 significantly modulated key amino acid metabolic pathways and certain biosynthetic processes in diseased wheat rhizospheres, and it also enhanced certain biosynthetic pathways and metabolic activities in healthy wheat rhizospheres.  Additionally, the application of Y17991 regulated rhizosphere metabolites, thus exerting significant control over the microbial community.  We identified 15 microbial strains potentially involved in the prevention and treatment of R. cerealis, and Y17991 treatment promoted the growth of Pedobacter and Bacillus strains.  These strains not only aid in plant growth but they also have the potential for disease prevention.  In summary, Y17991 application at a reasonable dose does not cause significant disruption to nontarget rhizosphere microbial communities.  In future studies, we will continue to investigate the impacts of Y17991 on nonmicrobial components in soil ecosystems, such as protozoa and nematodes.  Our research provides a theoretical basis for the scientific application and promotion of new fungicides and offers a significant reference for establishing a comprehensive system for assessing the ecological impact of pesticides on the environment.


Key words: pesticide , sharp eyespot ,  rhizosphere microbial community ,  rhizosphere metabolites ,  culturable microorganisms