GWAS分析揭示玉米致密耐受性(穗叶结构)相关候选基因

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.01.023

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 2046-2062.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.01.023

GWAS分析揭示玉米致密耐受性(穗叶结构)相关候选基因

收稿日期:2023-08-18 修回日期:2024-01-15 接受日期:2023-12-12 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-05-12

GWAS analysis reveals candidate genes associated with density tolerance (ear leaf structure) in maize (Zea mays L.)

Chunxiang Li^1*, Yongfeng Song^1*, Yong Zhu¹, Mengna Cao¹, Xiao Han¹, Jinsheng Fan², Zhichao Lü¹, Yan Xu¹, Yu Zhou¹, Xing Zeng¹, Lin Zhang¹, Ling Dong¹, Dequan Sun², Zhenhua Wang^1#, Hong Di^1#

¹College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education/Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold Land of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, China
²Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China

Received:2023-08-18 Revised:2024-01-15 Accepted:2023-12-12 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-05-12
About author:Chunxiang Li, E-mail: lcx990127@163.com; Yongfeng Song, E-mail: song18182746326@163.com; #Correspondence Zhenhua Wang, Tel: +86-451-55190021, E-mail: zhenhuawang_2006@163.com; Hong Di, Tel: +86-451-55190202, E-mail: dihongdh@163.com * These authors contributed equally to this study.
Supported by:
This study was supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Heilongjiang Province, China (2022ZX02B01).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种植密度是影响玉米产量的主要限制因素，培育耐密植品种已成为玉米生产中亟待解决的问题。玉米穗叶的叶片结构是制约玉米种植密度和产量构成的主要因素。本研究利用201个玉米自交系自然群体进行全基因组关联分析，在染色体2、5、8、9和10上鉴定出9个与穗叶型结构显著相关的SNP。qRT-PCR进一步验证了5个候选基因与这些SNP的关联，其中Zm00001d008651基因在紧凑型和扁平型玉米自交系中表现出显著的表达差异， GO和KEGG富集分析表明该基因参与糖酵解过程。该基因的基本特性分析表明，其编码一种由593个氨基酸组成的稳定的碱性蛋白，具有一定的疏水性。启动子区域包含与应激和激素(ABA)相关的元件。该基因突变体穗位叶的叶角和穗下第一片叶的叶角分别比野生型增加了4.96°和0.97°。本研究揭示了玉米穗叶结构对密度耐受性的调控机制，为培育新品种提供了坚实的基础。

Abstract:

Planting density is a major limiting factor for maize yield, and breeding for density tolerance has become an urgent issue. The leaf structure of the maize ear leaf is the main factor that restricts planting density and yield components. In this study, a natural population of 201 maize inbred lines was used for genome-wide association analysis, which identified nine SNPs on chromosomes 2, 5, 8, 9, and 10 that were significantly associated with ear leaf type structure. Further verification through qRT-PCR confirmed the association of five candidate genes with these SNPs, with the Zm00001d008651 gene showing significant differential expression in the compact and flat maize inbred lines. Enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases suggested that this gene is involved in the glycolysis process. An analysis of the basic properties of this gene revealed that it encodes a stable, basic protein consisting of 593 amino acids with some hydrophobic properties. The promoter region contains stress and hormone (abscisic acid (ABA)) related elements. The mutant of this gene increased the first ear leaf angle (eLA) and leaf angle of the first leaf below the first ear (bLA) by 4.96 and 0.97°, respectively, compared with normal inbred lines. Overall, this research sheds light on the regulatory mechanism of ear and leaf structures that influence density tolerance and provides solid foundational work for the development of new varieties.

Key words: maize , planting density , ear leaf structure , GWAS , candidate genes

Chunxiang Li, Yongfeng Song, Yong Zhu, Mengna Cao, Xiao Han, Jinsheng Fan, Zhichao Lü, Yan Xu, Yu Zhou, Xing Zeng, Lin Zhang, Ling Dong, Dequan Sun, Zhenhua Wang, Hong Di. GWAS分析揭示玉米致密耐受性(穗叶结构)相关候选基因[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(6): 2046-2062.

Chunxiang Li, Yongfeng Song, Yong Zhu, Mengna Cao, Xiao Han, Jinsheng Fan, Zhichao Lü, Yan Xu, Yu Zhou, Xing Zeng, Lin Zhang, Ling Dong, Dequan Sun, Zhenhua Wang, Hong Di. GWAS analysis reveals candidate genes associated with density tolerance (ear leaf structure) in maize (Zea mays L.)[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(6): 2046-2062.

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GWAS分析揭示玉米致密耐受性(穗叶结构)相关候选基因

GWAS analysis reveals candidate genes associated with density tolerance (ear leaf structure) in maize (Zea mays L.)

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