植物源有机肥替代无机氮肥是适用于热带地区有色水稻生产的一种肥料管理方式

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，有色水稻作为一种高品质、高附加值的水稻越来越受到人们的关注。水稻生产中无机氮肥的大量施用导致肥料利用率低，环境污染严重。施用有机肥料是提高土壤质量、维持作物高产的一种有效途径。然而，前人的研究大多数关注动物源有机肥的施用效应，植物源有机肥替代无机氮肥对有色水稻产量和品质方面的影响鲜有报道。本研究在2020-2021年进行了为期两年的大田试验，探究在热带地区不同比例的植物源有机肥替代无机氮肥对有色水稻产量、氮素利用效率、和籽粒花色苷含量的影响。试验处理包括不施氮肥（T1）、100%无机氮肥（T2）、植物源有机肥替代30%无机氮肥（T3）、植物源有机肥替代60%无机氮肥（T4）和100%植物源有机肥（T5）。除T1外，T2-T5处理的总施氮量均为120 kg ha^-1。结果表明，与T2相比，T3处理通过提高氮素利用效率显著提高了有色水稻的产量和花色苷含量，产量分别增加了9%和8%，花色苷含量分别提高了16%和10%。本文对植物源有机肥替代无机氮肥的后期效应的进一步研究发现，有机肥替代无机氮肥改善了土壤理化性质，从而增加了后茬水稻的产量，其中，T5处理下后茬水稻的产量最高。结果表明，在热带地区施用植物源有机肥维持了高含量花色苷有色水稻的生产，有助于协调稻米生产和环境保护之间的关系。

Abstract:

^{Colored rice is a
type of high-quality, high-added-value rice that has attracted increasing
attention in recent years. The use of large amounts of inorganic nitrogen
fertilizer in rice fields results in low fertilizer use efficiency and high
environmental pollution. Organic
fertilizer is a promising way to improve soil quality and sustain high
yields. However, most studies focus on
the effect of animal-based organic fertilizers.
The effects of different ratios of plant-based organic fertilizer and
inorganic fertilizer on the grain yield and quality of colored rice have rarely
been reported. Therefore, a two-year
field experiment was conducted in 2020 and 2021 to study the effects of
replacing inorganic N fertilizers with plant-based organic fertilizers on the
yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and anthocyanin content of two colored
rice varieties in a tropical region in China.
The experimental treatments included no nitrogen fertilization (T1),
100% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (T2), 30% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer
substitution with plant-based organic fertilizer (T3), 60% inorganic nitrogen
fertilizer substitution with plant-based organic fertilizer (T4), and 100%
plant-based organic fertilizer (T5). The
total nitrogen provided to all the treatments except T1 was the same at
120 kg ha–1. Our results showed
that the T3 treatment enhanced the grain yield and anthocyanin content of
colored rice by increasing nitrogen use efficiency compared with T2. On average, grain yields were increased by 9
and 8%, while the anthocyanin content increased by 16 and 10% in the two
colored rice varieties under T3 across the two years, respectively, as compared
with T2. Further study of the residual
effect of partial substitution of inorganic fertilizers showed that the
substitution of inorganic fertilizer with plant-based organic fertilizer
improved the soil physio-chemical properties, and thus increased the rice grain
yield, in the subsequent seasons. The
highest grain yield of the subsequent rice crop was observed under the T5
treatment. Our results suggested that
the application of plant-based organic fertilizers can sustain the production
of colored rice with high anthocyanin content in tropical regions, which is
beneficial in reconciling the relationship between rice production and
environmental protection.}

Key words: colored rice , organic fertilizer , soil quality , grain yield , anthocyanin

. 植物源有机肥替代无机氮肥是适用于热带地区有色水稻生产的一种肥料管理方式[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(1): 93-107.

Tingcheng Zhao, Aibin He, Mohammad Nauman Khan, Qi Yin, Shaokun Song, Lixiao Nie.

Coupling of reduced inorganic fertilizer with plant-based organic fertilizer as a promising fertilizer management strategy for colored rice in tropical regions [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(1): 93-107.

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