植物源桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋的除草活性及生理生化特性的影响

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.120

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2023, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 1434-1444.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.120

植物源桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋的除草活性及生理生化特性的影响

收稿日期:2022-01-28 接受日期:2022-05-06 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2022-05-06

Herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the botanical drupacine against Amaranthus retroflexus L.

YU Hua-long^1*, TIAN Ci^1*, SHEN Rong-yan¹, ZHAO Han¹, YANG Juan³, DONG Jin-gao^{1, 2}, ZHANG Li-hui^{1, 2#}, MA Shu-jie^{1, 2#}

¹College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, P.R.China
²State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, P.R.China
³College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, P.R.China

Received:2022-01-28 Accepted:2022-05-06 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2022-05-06
About author:YU Hua-long, E-mail: yhl05232022@163.com; TIAN Ci, E-mail: tc202204@163.com; #Correspondence MA Shu-jie, E-mail: mashujie89@126.com; ZHANG Li-hui, E-mail: zhanglihui@hebau.edu.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
Supported by:
This research was funded by the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hebei for Excellent Young Scholar, China (C2021204071), the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department (QN2021079), the Key Research and Development Project of Hebei Province (21326511D and 19226504D), and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-02).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物源除草剂是新农药研究和开发的热点之一。桥氧三尖杉碱是从我国特有植物中国粗榧中分离鉴定的除草活性化合物，本研究测定了其对反枝苋种子萌发、幼苗生长、形态结构及生理生化特性的影响，以期为深入研究其作用机制及进一步开发利用奠定基础。生物活性测定结果显示，桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋种子萌发和幼苗生长均具有显著的抑制作用，对其幼根的抑制中浓度（IC₅₀）为38.99 mg L⁻¹；盆栽试验显示，在4 g/L浓度下，对反枝苋的苗前鲜重抑制率在85%以上。桥氧三尖杉碱处理反枝苋后的α-淀粉酶活性和基因表达受剂量依赖性抑制，可溶性糖含量显著低于对照，总淀粉含量显著高于对照，说明抑制α-淀粉酶活性是桥氧三尖杉碱影响反枝苋种子萌发的主要机制之一。显微观察显示，经桥氧三尖杉碱处理后的反枝苋根毛数量明显减少，部分根冠脱落；超微结构观察显示，处理12 h后，根尖细胞排列紊乱，细胞结构受损，且随着处理时间的延长而加重。同时，桥氧三尖杉碱也增加了反枝苋幼苗的相对电导率，具有剂量和时间依赖性；丙二醛含量也随着处理浓度的增加而增加；过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于对照。处理3 h后，桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋根尖过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性显著升高，丙二醛含量在处理24 h后也发生改变。以上结果表明，桥氧三尖杉碱主要通过影响反枝苋防御酶系导致根尖结构受损，进而影响幼苗的生长发育。本研究首次报道了桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋生理生化指标及根尖形态结构的影响，可为该潜在新型植物源除草剂的进一步开发利用奠定基础。

Abstract:

Botanical herbicide has been a hot topic in the research and development of novel pesticides. The herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the botanical compound drupacine were studied by evaluating its effects on seed germination, seedling growth, morphological and physiological characteristics of Amaranthus retroflexus. Drupacine inhibited seed germination and seedling growth, and had a median inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) value of 38.99 mg L⁻¹ against A. retroflexus root. The α-amylase activity and soluble sugar content in treated plants were significantly lower than that of the control. The expression of α-amylase gene was dosage-dependently inhibited compared to the untreated control. This suggested that inhibition of α-amylase activity was a mode of action on seed germination. The root hairs were significantly decreased and part of the root cap fell off after treatment with drupacine. The ultrastructure observation showed that cell damage of root tips increased with the treatment time. Drupacine also increased the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly enhanced in the treatment compared to the control. These findings indicated that the physiological and biochemical reaction changes leading to morphological and membrane injuries were the main effects of drupacine on the inhibition of seedling growth. Drupacine can be developed as a botanical herbicide.

Key words: drupacine , herbicidal activity , physiological characteristic , defense capacity , Amaranthus retroflexus

YU Hua-long, TIAN Ci, SHEN Rong-yan, ZHAO Han, YANG Juan, DONG Jin-gao, ZHANG Li-hui, MA Shu-jie. 植物源桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋的除草活性及生理生化特性的影响[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(5): 1434-1444.

YU Hua-long, TIAN Ci, SHEN Rong-yan, ZHAO Han, YANG Juan, DONG Jin-gao, ZHANG Li-hui, MA Shu-jie.

Herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the botanical drupacine against Amaranthus retroflexus L. [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(5): 1434-1444.

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植物源桥氧三尖杉碱对反枝苋的除草活性及生理生化特性的影响

Herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the botanical drupacine against Amaranthus retroflexus L.

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