JIA-2021-1259 L-D1等位基因对陆地棉叶片形态、冠层结构和光合产量的影响

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.099

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

叶形是影响陆地棉植株冠层结构和产量的重要农艺性状，同时还与光合效率密切相关，是棉花高光效育种研究的重点。陆地棉叶形根据叶裂深度可分为常态叶、亚鸡脚叶、鸡脚叶和超鸡脚叶，主要由D基因组L-D₁位点的等位基因调控，其对陆地棉叶片形态、冠层结构和光合产量的影响尚不清楚。本研究利用病毒诱导基因沉默技术（VIGS）及叶形参数分析发现L-D₁等位基因对叶形的调控具有基因剂量效应；打顶前，鲁棉研22亚鸡脚叶品系叶面积系数比常态叶品系分别减少8.54%和4.91%，打顶后分别减少8.48%和11.19%；中部冠层透光率打顶前后分别增加71.35%和134.88%，下部冠层透光率打顶前后分别增加123.14%和41.81%；鲁棉研28号遗传背景下，亚鸡脚叶系中部冠层透光率打顶前后分别增加38.88和93.10%，下部冠层透光率打顶前后分别增加28.15和118.62%。鲁棉研22亚鸡脚叶系净光合速率在大部分生育期内可提高0.93～12.45%，在鲁棉研28遗传背景下可提高7.12～13.84%。在两种遗传背景下，亚鸡脚叶品系的最终生物量比常态叶对照分别增加9.43和19.35%，产量也分别增加8.6和7.05%，且同时对纤维品质无不良影响。

Abstract:

One of the most important objectives for breeders is to develop high-yield cultivars. The increase in crop yield has met with bottlenecks after the first green revolution, and more recent efforts have been focusing on achieving high photosynthetic efficiency traits in order to enhance the yield. Leaf shape is a significant agronomic trait of upland cotton that affects plant and canopy architecture, yield, and other production attributes. The major leaf shape types, including normal, sub-okra, okra, and super-okra, with varying levels of lobe severity, are controlled by a multiple allelic series of the D-genome locus L-D₁. To analyze the effects of L-D₁ alleles on leaf morphology, photosynthetic related traits and yield of cotton, two sets of near isogenic lines (NILs) with different alleles were constructed in Lumianyan 22 (LMY22) and Lumianyan 28 (LMY28) backgrounds. The analysis of morphological parameters and the results of virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed that the regulation of leaf shape by L-D₁ alleles was similar to a gene-dosage effect. Compared with the normal leaf, deeper lobes of the sub-okra leaf improved plant canopy structure by decreasing the leaf area index (LAI) and increasing the light transmittance rate (LTR), and the mid-range LAI of sub-okra leaf also guaranteed the accumulation of cotton biomass. Although the chlorophyll content (SPAD) of sub-okra leaf was lower than those of the other two leaf shapes, the net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of sub-okra leaf was higher than those of okra leaf and normal leaf at most stages. Thus, the improvements in canopy structure, as well as photosynthetic and physiological characteristics, contributed to optimizing the light environment, thereby increasing the total biomass and yield in the lines with a sub-okra leaf shape. Our results suggest that the sub-okra leaf may have practical application in cultivating varieties, and could enhance sustainable and profitable cotton production.

Key words: photosynthesis , canopy structure , yield , biomass , sub-okra leaf shape

. JIA-2021-1259 L-D₁等位基因对陆地棉叶片形态、冠层结构和光合产量的影响[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 108-119.

JIANG Hui, GAO Ming-wei, CHEN Ying, ZHANG Chao, WANG Jia-bao, CHAI Qi-chao, WANG Yong-cui, ZHENG Jin-xiu, WANG Xiu-li, ZHAO Jun-sheng. Effect of the L-D₁ alleles on leaf morphology, canopy structure and photosynthetic productivity in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 108-119.

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JIA-2021-1259 L-D₁等位基因对陆地棉叶片形态、冠层结构和光合产量的影响

Effect of the L-D₁ alleles on leaf morphology, canopy structure and photosynthetic productivity in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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