利用蛋白质组学和转录组学揭示优质蛋白玉米中贮藏蛋白再平衡过程

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

优质蛋白玉米(QPM)胚乳比普通玉米胚乳含有更高比例的赖氨酸、色氨酸和蛋氨酸等必须氨基酸，因此极大的提高了玉米的营养品质。但是，由于QPM中储藏蛋白再平衡的机制有待完善，从而阻碍了QPM的育种进程。本研究使用蛋白质组和转录组技术对opaque2 (o2) 和 QPM中储藏蛋白再平衡的过程进行探究。在 Mo17o2 和 QPM 中同时鉴定到的差异表达蛋白（DEP）的编码基因显著富集在与储藏蛋白、淀粉和氨基酸合成相关的通路中，表明相关通路在储藏蛋白再平衡的过程中发挥作用。同时发现在这些DEP中有 178 个前人报道过的非醇溶蛋白类型的储藏蛋白，上调表达的非醇溶蛋白富含赖氨酸、色氨酸和蛋氨酸，从而提高了QPM的蛋白品质。利用共表达网络分析筛选到一些在 QPM 中起调控储藏蛋白合成作用的调控因子，这其中包括前人已经证实过的储藏蛋白的关键调控因子如 O2和PBF1 以及一些新发现的转录因子。本研究鉴定到一些在 QPM 中上调表达的富含赖氨酸、色氨酸和蛋氨酸的非醇溶蛋白及其调控因子，该结果不仅有助于阐明QPM中蛋白品质提高的原因，揭示QPM中储藏蛋白再平衡的发生过程，也可为QPM的改良提供基因资源和理论指导。

Abstract:

Quality protein maize (QPM) (Zea mays L.) varieties contain enhanced levels of tryptophan and lysine, exhibiting improved nutritive value for humans and livestock. However, breeding QPM varieties remains challenging due to the complex process of rebalancing storage protein. This study conducted transcriptome and proteome analyses to investigate the process of storage proteins rebalancing in opaque2 (o2) and QPM. We found a weak correlation between the transcriptome and proteome, suggesting a significant modulating effect of post-transcriptional events on non-zein protein abundances in Mo17o2 and QPM. These results highlight the advantages of proteomics. Compared with Mo17, 672 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified both in Mo17o2 and QPM, and several of them were associated with storage protein, starch, and amino acid synthesis. We identified 178 non-zeins as DEPs in Mo17o2 and QPM kernels. The up-regulated non-zein DEPs were enriched in lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, which affected the protein quality. Co-expression network analysis identified regulators of storage protein synthesis in QPM, including O2, PBF1, and several transcription factors. Our results revealed how storage protein rebalancing occurs and identified non-zein DEPs that may facilitate superior-quality QPM breeding.

Key words: quality protein maize , opaque2 , qγ27 , protein body , storage protein , iTRAQ

ZHAO Hai-liang, QIN Yao, XIAO Zi-yi, SUN Qin, GONG Dian-ming, QIU Fa-zhan. 利用蛋白质组学和转录组学揭示优质蛋白玉米中贮藏蛋白再平衡过程[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(5): 1308-1323.

ZHAO Hai-liang, QIN Yao, XIAO Zi-yi, SUN Qin, GONG Dian-ming, QIU Fa-zhan. Revealing the process of storage protein rebalancing in high quality protein maize by proteomic and transcriptomic[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(5): 1308-1323.

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