通过E1及其同源基因的共沉默创制超早熟大豆新材料

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63391-3

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大豆是典型的短日照作物，对光周期的敏感性决定大豆品种的适宜种植区域。在光周期调控的大豆开花途径中，开花抑制因子E1起主导作用。E1La和E1Lb是E1的同源基因，功能与E1类似。本研究利用RNA干扰（RNAi）技术在大豆品种自贡冬豆中同时沉默了E1和E1La/b基因。结果显示，与受体品种自贡冬豆相比，RNAi株系开花期和成熟期大幅度提前，光周期敏感性明显下降。在RNAi超早熟株系中，开花抑制基因GmFT4的表达水平显著下降，而开花促进基因GmFT2a/GmFT5a的表达水平明显上升。生育期组鉴定结果显示，自贡冬豆的生育期组属于MG VIII，为极晚熟品种，而RNAi株系的生育期组为MG 000，属超早熟新种质，可在中国最北部（53.5°N）的漠河市北极村种植。本研究验证了E1和E1La/b对大豆开花期和成熟期的负调控作用，创制出超早熟大豆新材料，为显著钝化大豆品种的光周期敏感性，大幅度缩短生育期，实现南方大豆种质资源在北方大豆主产区的有效利用，拓宽高寒地区大豆的遗传基础提供了新的途径。

Abstract: Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), a typical short-day plant, is sensitive to photoperiod, which limits the geographical range for its cultivation. In the flowering pathway regulated by photoperiod, E1, a flowering inhibitor in soybean, plays the dominant role in flowering time regulation. Two E1 homologs, E1-like-a (E1La) and E1-like-b (E1Lb), play overlapping or redundant roles in conjunction with E1. In the present study, E1 and E1La/b were simultaneously silenced via RNA interference (RNAi) in Zigongdongdou (ZGDD), an extremely late-flowering soybean landrace from southern China. As a result, RNAi lines showed a much earlier-flowering phenotype and obvious photoperiod insensitivity compared with wild-type (WT) plants. In RNAi transgenic plants, the expression levels of flowering inhibitor GmFT4 and flowering promoters GmFT2a/GmFT5a were significantly down- and up-regulated, respectively. Further, the maturity group (MG) of the RNAi lines was reduced from WT ZGDD’s MG VIII (extremely late-maturity) to MG 000 (super-early maturity), which can even grow in the northernmost village of China located at a latitude of 53.5°N. Our study confirms that E1 and E1La/b can negatively regulate flowering time in soybean. The RNAi lines generated in this study, with early flowering and maturity traits, can serve as valuable materials and a technical foundation for breeding soybeans that are adapted to high-latitude short-season regions.

Key words: soybean , RNA interference , E1 , E1La/b , flowering time

. 通过E1及其同源基因的共沉默创制超早熟大豆新材料 [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(2): 326-335.

LIU Li-feng, GAO Le, ZHANG Li-xin, CAI Yu-peng, SONG Wen-wen, CHEN Li, YUAN Shan, WU Ting-ting, JIANG Bing-jun, SUN Shi, WU Cun-xiang, HOU Wen-sheng, HAN Tian-fu. Co-silencing E1 and its homologs in an extremely late-maturing soybean cultivar confers super-early maturity and adaptation to high-latitude short-season regions[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(2): 326-335.

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