Weakened carbon and nitrogen metabolisms under post-silking heat stress reduce the yield and dry matter accumulation in waxy maize

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62622-5

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2020, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 78-88.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62622-5

所属专题：玉米遗传育种合辑Maize Genetics · Breeding · Germplasm Resources；玉米耕作栽培合辑Maize Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage

收稿日期:2018-09-11 出版日期:2020-01-01 发布日期:2019-12-23

Weakened carbon and nitrogen metabolisms under post-silking heat stress reduce the yield and dry matter accumulation in waxy maize

YANG Huan^{1, 2*}, GU Xiao-tian^1*, DING Meng-qiu¹, LU Wei-^{ping1, 2, 3}, LU Da-lei^{1, 2, 3}

¹Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
² Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
³ Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China

Received:2018-09-11 Online:2020-01-01 Published:2019-12-23
Contact: Correspondence LU Da-lei, Tel: +86-514-87979377, Fax: +86-514-87996817, E-mail: dllu@yzu.edu.cn
About author: YANG Huan, Tel: +86-514-87979377, Fax: +86-514-87996817, E-mail: huanyang@yzu.edu.cn; * These authors contributed equally to this study.
Supported by:
This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300109 and 2018YFD0200703), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771709 and 31471436), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China.

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

Post-silking high temperature is one of the abiotic factors that affects waxy maize (Zea mays L. sinensis Kulesh) growth in southern China. We conducted a pot trial in 2016–2017 to study the effects of post-silking daytime heat stress (35°C) on the activities of enzymes involved in leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolisms and leaf reactive oxygen species (ROS) and water contents. This study could improve our understanding on dry matter accumulation and translocation and grain yield production. Results indicated that decreased grain number and weight under heat stress led to yield loss, which decreased by 20.8 and 20.0% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. High temperature reduced post-silking dry matter accumulation (16.1 and 29.5% in 2016 and 2017, respectively) and promoted translocation of pre-silking photoassimilates stored in vegetative organs, especially in leaf. The lower leaf water content and chlorophyll SPAD value, and higher ROS (H₂O₂ and O₂^-·) content under heat stress conditions indicated accelerated senescent rate. The weak activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase), nitrate reductase (NR), and glutamine synthase (GS) indicated that leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolisms were suppressed when the plants suffered from a high temperature during grain filling. Correlation analysis results indicated that the reduced grain yield was mainly caused by the decreased leaf water content, weakened NR activity, and increased H₂O₂ content. The increased accumulation of grain weight and post-silking dry matter and the reduced translocation amount in leaf was mainly due to the increased chlorophyll SPAD value and NR activity. Reduced PEPCase and RuBPCase activities did not affect dry matter accumulation and translocation and grain yield. In conclusion, post-silking heat stress down-regulated the leaf NR and GS activities, increased the leaf water loss rate, increased ROS generation, and induced pre-silking carbohydrate translocation. However, it reduced the post-silking direct photoassimilate deposition, ultimately, leading to grain yield loss.

Key words: waxy maize , heat stress , nitrogen metabolism , photosynthetic enzymes , senescence , dry matter

. [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(1): 78-88.

YANG Huan, GU Xiao-tian, DING Meng-qiu, LU Wei-ping, LU Da-lei. Weakened carbon and nitrogen metabolisms under post-silking heat stress reduce the yield and dry matter accumulation in waxy maize[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(1): 78-88.

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Weakened carbon and nitrogen metabolisms under post-silking heat stress reduce the yield and dry matter accumulation in waxy maize

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