禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）引起的小麦赤霉病（Fusarium head blight, FHB）是一种严重为害粮食作物的真菌病害，不仅引起作物产量损失与品质下降，而且病原菌在感病的谷粒中分泌的真菌毒素，严重威胁粮食安全。前期研究表明甲氧基丙烯酸酯类（quinone outside inhibitors, QoIs）和琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类（succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, SDHIs）杀菌剂可破坏线粒体动态平衡，引起线粒体碎片化。动力蛋白和动力相关蛋白（DRPs）作为GTPase超家族成员，参与调控真核细胞线粒体分裂、囊泡出芽与分裂等功能，但其在禾谷镰刀菌中的功能尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们利用BLAST分析发现禾谷镰孢菌中与酵母Dnm1的同源蛋白FgDnm1，并对其进行了生物学功能研究。结果表明，FgDnm1参与调控着菌丝生长、有性生殖及杀菌剂药敏性。此外，我们利用荧光标记技术和激光共聚焦显微镜发现FgDnm1与线粒体共定位，且参与调控禾谷镰刀菌产毒小体的结构形成及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）的生物合成。进一步研究表明，甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂（QoIs）和琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类杀菌剂（SDHIs）均会引起线粒体的碎片化，FgDnm1的缺失会导致线粒体呈现丝状网络分布，并阻断了QoIs和SDHIs诱导的线粒体碎片化。本研究揭示了线粒体动态平衡对禾谷镰刀菌菌丝生长发育、杀菌剂敏感性和毒素形成的影响。因此，我们推论QoIs与SDHIs杀菌剂引起的线粒体动态平衡变化依赖于FgDnm1。

This report reviews the characteristics of JS399-19, a novel cyanoacrylate fungicide. JS399-19 strongly inhibits the mycelial growth of the fungal plant pathogens of the genus Fusarium and exhibits great potential in controlling Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat and other cereals. The mode of action of JS399-19 is evidently different from that of benzimidazole (for example, carbendazim) and other sort of fungicides, making it a possible replacement for carbendazim in China to manage carbendazim-resistant subpopulations of Fusarium graminearum and F. asiaticum. JS399-19 has excellent protective and curative activity against these pathogens. Incorrect use of this fungicide, however, is likely to select for resistance. Among JS399-19-resistant mutants of F. asiaticum induced in the laboratory, the resistant level of mutants was high and the phenotype of resistance against JS399-19 was conferred by a major gene by genetic analysis. The fitness of laboratory-induced JS399-19-resistant mutants of F. asiaticum was nearly equal to that of their parents. JS399-19 lacks cross resistance with other sort fungicides. To control FHB with JS399-19 and to delay the development of the fungicide-resistance, farmers should use tank mixtures containing JS399-19 and carbendazim, metconazole, tebuconazole, or prothioconazole.