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1. Beneficial rhizobacterium provides positive plant–soil feedback effects to Ageratina adenophora
SUN Yuan-yuan, ZHANG Qiu-xin, ZHAO Yun-peng, DIAO Yue-hui, GUI Fu-rong, YANG Guo-qing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (5): 1327-1335.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63234-8
摘要123)      PDF    收藏

根际微生物群落在促进或抑制外来物种的建立中起重要作用。入侵植物与土壤微生物群落(如根际细菌)的相互作用,会导致土壤微生物群落发生变化,因而影响外来植物与本地植物之间的竞争关系。紫茎泽兰是我国一种危害严重的外来入侵杂草。已有研究证实,紫茎泽兰入侵后会影响根际土壤微生物群落结构,并形成对它自身生长的正反馈效应,但这其中的内在机制还有待深入探究。前期调查发现,紫茎泽兰重度入侵地区的根际土壤中一种有益菌蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量明显高于轻度入侵地区的。因此,本研究从促进植物根际有益微生物增长及其反馈效应的角度,拟揭示紫茎泽兰入侵扩张的根际有益菌作用机制。研究比较了紫茎泽兰不同入侵程度土壤中蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量,检测了紫茎泽兰根系分泌物对蜡样芽孢杆菌生长和土壤特性的影响,还对比分析了蜡样芽孢杆菌处理对紫茎泽兰生长的反馈作用。结果表明:蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量随紫茎泽兰入侵程度的加深而明显增加,入侵土壤中的菌含量几乎达到了非入侵土壤的两倍。紫茎泽兰根系分泌物处理其根际土壤后,蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量在1天后随时间延长明显增加,最高达近两倍,且土壤营养成分含量也发生了明显变化,如铵态氮和有效磷含量相比于对照分别增加了41%和27%。土壤中添加蜡样芽孢杆菌不同程度地促进紫茎泽兰根际两种主要化感物质泽兰二酮和羟基泽兰酮的降解,其中泽兰二酮的浓度在处理后的48、72、96 h分别比灭菌土壤中的浓度低338%,356%和723%;并且在该处理的土壤中,紫茎泽兰的发芽率显著提高了50%,根长增加了117%,苗长增加了48%,鲜重增加了81%,而本地其他植物的生长变化不大。这些结果说明蜡样芽孢杆菌对紫茎泽兰生长具有偏利作用,同时可促进化感物质的降解以削弱紫茎泽兰的自毒作用,为根际聚集有益菌介导的外来植物入侵扩张的理论提供了科学依据。


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2. Identification and characterization of cell cultures with various embryogenic/regenerative potential in cotton based on morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetical assessment
GUO Hui-hui, WU Jian-fei, CHEN Cui-xia, WANG Hong-mei, ZHAO Yun-lei, ZHANG Chao-jun, JIA Yin-hua, LIU Fang, NING Tang-yuan, CHU Zhao-hui, ZENG Fan-chang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (1): 1-8.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61876-8
摘要340)      PDF(pc) (10560KB)(457)    收藏
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) plays a vital role in genetic transformation and massive propagation of important agronomical and economical crops.  Here, we conducted a systematic assessment of the morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetical characteristics of six culture strains with various embryogenic/regenerative potential during SE process in cotton.  Results indicated that the six cell culture strains had stable ploidy levels, and did not reveal any relationship between the cytogenetic state and their morphogenetic potential.  Moreover, the six culture strains were compared via double staining with Evans blue and Acetocarmine to efficiently distinguish embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells and determine the embryogenic nature of the calli.  In addition, the kind of auxins added in medium affected not only growth property, color, size of cell clumps but also ploidy level and regeneration ability.  By combining analysis of morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetical characteristics of the cell cultures, we are able to obtain and maintain homogeneous cell population with high morphogenic and regeneration ability and establish efficient somatic embryogenesis and regeneration system from short-term cell cultures in upland cotton, which highlight the application of biotechnological approaches in crop breeding, and above all, to better understand totipotency of cells in higher plants.
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3. Influence of PPV, PRV and PRRSV on Efficacy of the Lapinized Hog Cholera Vaccine and Pathogenicity of Classical swine fever virus
NING Yi-bao, ZHAO Yun, WANG Qin, FAN Xue-zheng, QIN Yu-ming, ZHANG Guang-chuan, XU Lu, QIU Hui-shen, WANG Zai-shi, SONG Li, SHEN Qing-chun, ZHAO Qi-zu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 12 (11): 1892-1897.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8725
摘要1415)      PDF    收藏
Classical swine fever caused by Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a serious problem for swine industries in developing countries, which successful control of the disease have been relying on vaccination. However, classical swine fever still occurs in some immunized swine herds for various reasons. In this study, we conducted animal experiments to examine the influence of single or mixed infection with Porcine parvo virus (PPV), Pseudorabies virus (PRV) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on the protective immunity induced by the Lapinized hog cholera virus (HCLV) vaccine and the pathogenicity of CSFV. In experiment 1, pigs were first inoculated with PPV, PRV or PRRSV, then immunized with HCLV, and finally challenged with a highly virulent CSFV Shimen strain. All of the pigs immunized with HCLV survived after the challenge, while all of the pigs in the non-immunized control group died after the challenge. The pigs in the group immunized with HCLV did not show any clinical symptoms of classical swine fever and were negative with CSFV after the challenge. The pigs infected with the non-CSFV before HCLV immunization did not display any clinical symptoms after the challenge with CSFV Shiman strain, but 11 of the 12 pigs were positive with CSFV. In experiment 2, pre-infections with PPV, PRV, and PRRSV were followed by inoculation with a low-virulence CSFV strain (CSFV 39), and then the pigs were challenged with the CSFV Shimen strain. Infections by either PPV, PRV or PRRSV did not enhance the virulence of CSFV-39, but pigs infected by a mixture of the 3 viruses developed clinical symptoms after inoculation with CSFV-39. The mixed infection also increased mortality caused by the challenge with the CSFV Shimen strain. Together, these results showed PPV, PRV and PRRSV infections in pigs can reduce the efficacy of the HCLV vaccine and enhance the pathogenicity of CSFV, which may partly explain the immunization failure against CSFV in some swine herds.
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