白背飞虱是水稻上的一种刺吸式口器类害虫，现已对常用的许多化学农药产生了中等到高强度的抗药性，严重发生时可导致水稻大面积减产。我们在室内和田间条件下研究了爪哇棒束孢菌单独、或与化学农药呋虫胺混合对白背飞虱的影响，研究结果表明：爪哇棒束孢菌可高效地侵染、杀死不同虫态的白背飞虱，可降低成虫的成活率、产卵量、影响卵巢的发育。室内生物测定结果表明爪哇棒束孢菌与低剂量的呋虫胺（4-16ppm）的混合物对白背飞虱的死亡率高于单独使用爪哇棒束孢菌或呋虫胺对白背飞虱的死亡率，并可显著地影响害虫的过氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、酚氧化酶等酶的活性。在田间爪哇棒束孢菌可有效地降低白背飞虱的种群数量（田间虫量只有对照区的22-64%），低剂量的爪哇棒束孢菌（1×10⁴ 孢子 mL^-1）和呋虫胺（4.8-19.2%的田间推荐用量）在田间对白背飞虱的防治效果超过90%、表现为协同增效作用，在使用后的第3-14天内可将田间白背飞虱的种群数量持续控制在50头/100丛以下。我们的研究结果表明：昆虫病原真菌爪哇棒束孢菌可作为水稻害虫综合防治（IPM）的重要组成部分，用于控制水稻害虫。

Agaricus blazei Murill is a well known edible/medicinal mushroom used for immune-nutrient food therapies. The biodegradation of different substrates with this fungus may result in different metabolites and degraded compounds, which may enrich the function of the food therapies. In this study, soluble compounds from the culture of A. blazei grown in liquid media with whole wheat bran and its water filtrate, respectively, were compared. Total soluble sugar, arabinoxylan, protein, and amino acids were significantly higher in the fungal culture resulted from the medium with whole wheat bran (43.54, 1.56, 0.59, and 2.19 mg mL-1, respectively) than that from the medium with the bran filtrate (17.28, 0.37, 0.13, and 1.13 mg mL-1, respectively). The biodegraded wheat bran with cultured mycelia was fed to Mus musculus Linnaeus as supplementation or as dietary fiber exclusive ingredient. As non-specific food therapies, feeding effects on mice intestinal development were indicated indirectly in growth performance, intestinal absorption and serum parameters. Compared to feeding uncultured wheat bran, feeding mice with culture mixes of A. blazei resulted in remarkably increase in villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio, which were increased by 25.4 and 31.0%, respectively, when applied as supplementation, and by 44.3 and 43.4%, respectively, when applied as dietary fiber. These increases are concomitant with the higher level of D-xylose in blood serum about 16.9 and 29.2% as supplementation and dietary fiber, respectively. The results implying that culturing A. blazei with whole wheat bran enhanced extracellular metabolism of the fungus and extensive degradation of wheat bran insoluble fibrous compounds. Furthermore, feeding the culture mix including metabolites and degraded wheat bran improved intestinal villus development, proving the nutritional benefits of the A. blazei mycelial cultures.