草地贪夜蛾于2018年入侵亚洲后，迅速扩散，成为影响玉米生产安全的重大害虫。农药的使用减缓了草地贪夜蛾的为害，但由于长期使用的局限性，可替代或辅助农药的生物防治技术目前依然是国内外关注的焦点。大灰食蚜蝇（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）是玉米等多种作物田内的优势天敌昆虫，可取食草地贪夜蛾幼虫。本研究在室内模拟田间环境，研究了大灰食蚜蝇Eupeodes corollae幼虫对草地贪夜蛾卵和不同龄期幼虫的捕食能力。结果表明，2龄、3龄大灰食蚜蝇幼虫对1龄和2龄草地贪夜蛾的幼虫具有捕食作用，理论日最大捕食量分别为43.48头和83.33头。当草地贪夜蛾幼虫发育至3龄后，显现出对低龄大灰食蚜蝇幼虫的捕食行为，5龄和6龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫对1龄、2龄、3龄大灰食蚜蝇的理论日最大捕食量分别为16.39-19.23头、6.02-19.61头和6.76-8.26头，捕食作用符合功能反应Ⅲ。表明草地贪夜蛾幼虫与大灰食蚜蝇存在捕食互作关系，其入侵后将影响大灰食蚜蝇等天敌昆虫的种群动态。综上，本试验为鳞翅目害虫与天敌昆虫的互作关系研究提供了新的思路，对综合评价草地贪夜蛾与天敌昆虫的物种关系和发展生物防治技术具有重要意义。

鉴于植物花蜜或花粉等补充营养是影响鳞翅目昆虫成虫生殖系统发育和产卵量的重要因素，我们测定了取食不同补充营养（5%洋槐蜂蜜水、5‰玉米花粉水、5‰油菜花粉水、5‰向日葵花粉水、5‰松花粉水、5‰玫瑰花粉水、2.5%洋槐蜂蜜+2.5‰油菜花粉水、2.5%洋槐蜂蜜+2.5‰松花粉水和清水）草地贪夜蛾成虫的内生殖系统发育进度、繁殖和飞行能力。研究结果表明，补充蜂花粉和蜂蜜可显著促进草地贪夜蛾内生殖系统的发育进度，增加产卵量，延长成虫寿命和飞行时间。取食5%洋槐蜂蜜水草地贪夜蛾的产卵前期、产卵期和寿命最长，分别为10.8、6.8和19.2天；而补充2.5%洋槐蜂蜜＋2.5‰松花粉草地贪夜蛾雌蛾的交配率最高，为79.7%，单雌产卵量达644.9粒，卵的孵化率为82.3%。取食蜂蜜可延缓草地贪夜蛾精巢的衰减，2.5%洋槐蜂蜜＋2.5‰松花粉对草地贪夜蛾卵巢发育的促进作用最强。与取食花粉相比，蜂蜜可显著增强草地贪夜蛾的飞行能力，取食5%洋槐蜂蜜水草地贪夜蛾的飞行时间最长（9.5 h），飞行距离最远（29.9 km），飞行速度最大（3.1 km/h）。研究结果对解析环境植被分布对入侵草地贪夜蛾种群消长动态的调控机制，发展成虫取食诱捕和综合治理技术有重要价值。

To understand the water and energy exchange on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we explored the characteristics of evapotranspiration (ET) and energy fluxes from 2002 to 2005 over a Kobresia meadow ecosystem using the eddy covariance method. The ratio of annual ET to precipitation (P) of meadow ecosystem was about 60%, but varied greatly with the change of season from summer to winter. The annual ET/P in meadow was lower than that in shrub, steppe and wetland ecosystems of this plateau. The incident solar radiation (Rs) received by the meadow was obviously higher than that of lowland in the same latitude; however the ratio of net radiation (Rn) to Rs with average annual value of 0.44 was significantly lower than that in the same latitude. The average annual ET was about 390 mm for 2002-2005, of which more than 80% occurred in growing season from May to September. The energy consumed on the ET was about 44% of net radiation in growing season, which was lower than that of shrub, steppe and wetland on this plateau. This study demonstrates that the Kobresia meadow may prevent the excessive water loss through evapotranspiration from the ecosystem into the atmosphere in comparison to the shrub, steppe and wetland ecosystems of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.