再生稻是指头季收获后，采用一定的栽培管理措施使稻茬上存活的休眠芽萌发成穗而再收获一季水稻的种植模式，具有省工、省种、省水、省药、省秧田和米质优等优点。边际效应是作物生产中的普遍现象，指边行植株由于具有更多的光照和养分，相比内行植株往往具有明显的产量优势。边际效应的挖掘与利用，对于构建水稻高产栽培模式具有重要意义。目前有关水稻边际效应的研究主要集中于常规稻作模式，而对再生稻边际效应的报道尚少。再生稻两季的边际效应有何差异，头季边行优势是否会促进再生季边际效应的发挥尚不清楚。因此，本研究在湖北省蕲春县开展为期两年的大田试验，于头季与再生季分别测定边行和中间行的产量及产量相关性状，旨在量化再生稻两季边际效应的差异以及头季边际效应对再生季边际效应的贡献。结果表明：再生稻在头季和再生季均存在明显的边际效应，且头季边际效应大于再生季。头季边际效应高达98.3%，得益于较多的有效穗数、每穗颖花数和干物质积累量。而再生季边际效应为60.9%，其中约一半由头季的边际效应所贡献。进一步分析发现，头季促进再生季边际效应发挥的原因在于头季收获时较高的稻桩干重和碳水化合物含量促进了再生季有效穗数和干物质积累量的增加。因此，增加稻桩的干物质和碳水化合物累积是提高再生季产量的有效措施。

多肽作为蛋白质中的功能活性片段，不仅可以提供人类生长发育所需的营养物质，而且与蛋白质相比，还具有独特的生理活性特征。生物活性肽具有巨大的发展潜力。食源性生物活性肽具有原料来源广泛、结构独特、高效安全等优点，发展前景广阔。本文综述了食源性生物活性肽的制备、功能特点，阐述了食源性生物活性肽的构效关系，并对食源性生物活性肽的开发应用前景进行了展望。本综述有助于加深对食源性生物活性肽的认识，为食品工业的进一步研究和应用提供一些有益的启示。

It is predicted that the current atmospheric CO2 concentration will be doubled and global mean temperature will increase by 1.5-6°C by the end of this century. Although a number of studies have addressed the separate effects of CO2 and temperature on plant-insect interactions, few have concerned with their combined impacts. In the current study, a factorial experiment was carried out to examine the effect of a doubling CO2 concentration and a 3°C temperature increase on a complete generation of the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) on rice (Oryza sativa). Both elevated CO2 and temperature increased rice stem height and biomass of stem parts. Leaf chlorophyll content increased under elevated CO2, but only in ambient temperature treatment. Water content of stem parts was reduced under elevated temperature, but only when coupled with elevated CO2. Elevated CO2 alone increased biomass of root and elevated temperature alone enhanced leaf area and reduced ratio of root to stem parts. Brown planthopper (BPH) nymphal development was accelerated, and weight of and honeydew excretion by the F1 adults was reduced under elevated temperature only. Longevity of brachypterous females was affected by a significant interaction between CO2 and temperature. At elevated temperature, CO2 had no effect on female longevity, but at ambient temperature, the females lived shorter under elevated CO2. Female fecundity was higher at elevated than at ambient temperature and higher at elevated CO2 than at ambient CO2. These results indicate that the combined effects of elevated temperature and CO2 may enhance the brown planthopper population size.