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1. Effect of side deep placement of nitrogen on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of single season late japonica rice

ZHAO Can, HUANG Heng, QIAN Zi-hui, JIANG Heng-xin, LIU Guang-ming, XU Ke, HU Ya-jie, DAI Qi-gen, HUO Zhong-yang

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021, 20 (6): 1487-1502. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63362-7

摘要（166）

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测深施氮对提高水稻产量和氮肥利用效率具有重要作用。然而测深施肥条件下，减少施氮次数和减少施氮量对水稻产量及氮素吸收利用影响的研究较少。本研究在测深施条件下，于2018和2019年分别设置了减少施氮次数(RTN)和减少施氮量(RNR)试验，测定了水稻产量及其构成因素、SPAD值、叶面积指数、干物质积累、氮素积累、氮肥利用效率相关指标，比较了各处理间上述指标的差异。结果发现相同施氮量条件下， RTN3 (70%基肥侧深施+30%穗肥)处理下南粳9108和南粳5718产量比常规施肥分别提高了9.64%和10.18%。品种和处理间SPAD值、LAI指数、干物质积累差异达到极显著水平。在2018和2019年，抽穗期氮素积累最高的为RTN3，其平均氮素积累量为11.33×10^-2 t hm^-2。相同施氮量下RTN3氮肥农学利用率、氮肥生理利用率、氮肥吸收利用率分别比其余处理提高了8.1%-21.28%、8.51%-41.76%、0.28%-14.52%。随着施氮量的降低，RNR各处理的SPAD、LAI、干物质积累、氮效率相关指标显著降低。侧深施肥下，减少氮肥施用次数和减少施氮量均可以使水稻高产高效，本研究将为测深施肥条件下水稻精确定量施肥提供重要的参考依据。

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2. Unraveling waterlogging tolerance-related traits with QTL analysis in reciprocal intervarietal introgression lines using genotyping by sequencing in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

DING Xiao-yu, XU Jin-song, HUANG He, QIAO Xing, SHEN Ming-zhen, CHENG Yong, ZHANG Xue-kun

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020, 19 (8): 1974-1983. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62783-8

摘要（116）

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Soil waterlogging is a major environmental stress that suppresses the growth and productivity of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Natural genetic variations in waterlogging tolerance (WT) were observed but no QTL mapping has been done for WT related traits in rapeseed. In this study, QTL associated with three WT related traits including relative root length (RRL), relative hypocotyl length (RHL) and relative fresh weight (RFW) were dissected using a set of reciprocal introgression lines (ILs) derived from the cross GH01×ZS9, which showed significant difference in WT. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) of the populations were performed, totally 1 468 and 1 450 binned SNPs were identified for GIL (GH01 as the recurrent parent) and ZIL (ZS9 as the recurrent parent) population, respectively. A total of 66 distinct QTLs for WT at the seedling establishment stage including 31 for RRL, 17 for RHL and 18 for RFW were detected. Among the 66 QTLs, 20 (29.4%) QTLs were detected in both genetic backgrounds and then they were integrated into six QTL clusters, which can be targeted in rapeseed breeding for improvement of WT through marker-assisted selection (MAS). Based on the physical positions of SNPs and the functional annotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, 56 genes within the six QTL cluster regions were selected as preliminary candidate genes, then the resequencing and transcriptome information about parents were applied to narrow the extent of candidate genes. Twelve genes were determined as candidates for the six QTL clusters, some of them involved in RNA/protein degradation, most of them involved in oxidation-reduction process. These findings provided genetic resources, candidate genes to address the urgent demand of improving WT in rapeseed breeding.

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3. Numerical Simulation of Root Growth Dynamics of CO2-Enriched Hybrid Rice Cultivar Shanyou 63 Under Fully Open-Air Field Conditions

SUN Cheng-ming, LIU Tao, GUO Dou-dou, ZHUANG Heng-yang, WANG Yu-long , ZHU Jian-guo

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013, 12 (5): 781-787. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60261-0

摘要（1359）

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Hybrid indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars play an important role in rice production system due to its heterosis, resistance to environmental stress, large panicle, and high yield potential. However, no attention has been given to its root growth dynamic responses to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) in conjunction with nitrogen (N) availability. Free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and N have significant effects on rice root growth. In this experiment, a hybrid cultivar Shanyou 63 (Oryza sativa L.) was used to study the effects of FACE and N levels on roots growth of rice. The results showed a significant increase in both adventitious root volume (ARV) and adventitious root dry weight (ARD) under the FACE treatment. The application of nitrogen also increased ARV and ARD, but the increase was smaller than that under FACE treatment. On the basis of the FACE experiment, numerical models for rice adventitious root volume and dry weight were built with the time as the driving factor. The models illustrated the dynamic development of rice adventitious root volume and dry weight after transplanting, regulated either by the influence factor of atmospheric [CO2] or by N application. The models were successfully used to predict ARV and ARD under FACE treatment in a different year with the predicted data being closely related to the actual experimental data. The model had guiding significance to growth regulation of rice root under the condition of atmospheric [CO2] rising in the future.

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4. Agricultural Market Name Geo-Locating System Based on an Administrative Ontology and Web Search Engine

HU Yi-min, SONG Liang-tu, WEI Yuan-yuan, HUANG He, WANG Xue

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012, 11 (5): 849-857. DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8607

摘要（1222）

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The problem of associating the agricultural market names on web sites with their locations is essential for geographical analysis of the agricultural products. In this paper, an algorithm which employs the administrative ontology and the statistics from the search results were proposed. The experiments with 100 market names collected from web sites were conducted. The experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm proposed obtains satisfactory performance in resolving the problem above, thus the effectiveness of the method is verified.

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5. Structured AJAX Data Extraction Based on Agricultural Ontology

LI Chuan-xi, SU Ya-ru, WANG Ru-jing, WEI Yuan-yuan, HUANG He

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012, 11 (5): 784-791. DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8600

摘要（1265）

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More web pages are widely applying AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript XML) due to the rich interactivity and incremental communication. By observing, it is found that the AJAX contents, which could not be seen by traditional crawler, are well-structured and belong to one specific domain generally. Extracting the structured data from AJAX contents and annotating its semantic are very significant for further applications. In this paper, a structured AJAX data extraction method for agricultural domain based on agricultural ontology was proposed. Firstly, Crawljax, an open AJAX crawling tool, was overridden to explore and retrieve the AJAX contents; secondly, the retrieved contents were partitioned into items and then classified by combining with agricultural ontology. HTML tags and punctuations were used to segment the retrieved contents into entity items. Finally, the entity items were clustered and the semantic annotation was assigned to clustering results according to agricultural ontology. By experimental evaluation, the proposed approach was proved effectively in resource exploring, entity extraction, and semantic annotation.

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