微波预处理有望同步实现亚麻籽中营养物质释放、酶灭活、生氰糖苷脱毒和风味强化等。本研究探讨微波预处理对亚麻籽分离蛋白（FPI）的抗氧化和界面特性的影响，重点关注FPI的组成和分子结构的改变。结果表明，微波预处理（700 W, 1~5 min）使亚麻籽脱脂粉中贮藏蛋白组装更为紧密，随后与油脂体膜碎组分相互渗透。微波预处理1~5min过程中，FPI的平均粒径逐渐减小（-37.84~60.66%，p<0.05），而Zeta电位值呈先降低后逐步增加至初始水平。借助荧光光谱、二级结构和蛋白亚基分析显示，微波预处理诱导了FPI的构象伸展、亚基链交联和解聚的同时发生，从而改变了FPI中清蛋白和球蛋白交互作用和聚集特性。微波预处理能够诱导酚类化合物在FPI中特异性富集以及体外抗氧化活性的增强。与之伴随的，FPI表现出较低的气-水界面活性，制备的泡沫则具有松散/多孔的界面结构，即起泡性和泡沫稳定性明显削弱。此外，短时间微波预处理（1~3min）增加了FPI的油-水界面活性，制备的乳滴粒径降低且界面致密性增加，进一步延长微波预处理时间至5 min时，由于乳滴内脂质溢漏和流变行为改变使乳液发生轻度物理失稳。总之，微波预处理亚麻籽能够基于贮藏蛋白组分的原位结构实现功能特性的定制。

千粒重(TGW)、穗粒数(GNS)和穗粒重(GWS)是小麦产量的重要组成部分。为了解析其遗传学基础，我们构建了一个由8762/Keyi5214衍生的198个系组成的DH群体，利用基因芯片对该DH群体进行基因型鉴定，并将产量相关性状千粒重、穗粒数和穗粒重表型整合并进行QTL定位。最后，我们共获得18,942个多态性SNP标记，并鉴定出41个与这些性状相关的关键QTL。我们在染色体2D和6A上鉴定出三个稳定的千粒重QTL (QTgw-2D.3, QTgw-2D.4, QTgw-6A.1)，其增效等位基因均来自亲本8762，解释了4.81%-18.67%的表型变异。在染色体3D、5B、5D和6A上鉴定出5个稳定的穗粒数QTL，其中QGns-5D.1来自亲本8762，其余4个来自亲本Keyi5214的QTL解释了5.89-7.08%的表型变异。此外，还发现了一个稳定的小麦穗粒重遗传位点QGws-4A.3，该位点来自亲本8762，可解释6.08-6.14%的表型变异。为了应用鉴定到的QTL，我们为四个重要的QTL (Tgw2D.3-2, Tgw2D.4-1, Tgw6A.1 和 Gns3D.1)开发了STARP标记。本研究结果可为后期小麦千粒重、穗粒数和单穗重相关基因的鉴定和克隆奠定基础。

To safely and sustainably utilize genetic breeding techniques for crop production, greater understanding of the potential effects of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops on the ecological functions of predators is required. In the laboratory, we examined the functional and numerical responses of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter to eggs of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), which were reared on GMHT rice Bar68-1; the untransformed parental cultivar, D68; or a BPH-susceptive rice variety, Taichung Native 1. All stages of nymphs and female adult of C. lividipennis, either on GMHT rice or control plants, exhibited typical type II functional responses when fed on BPH eggs; the attacking rate and handling time of C. lividipennis on GMHT rice Bar68-1 was not significantly different from that on D68. The numerical responses of C. lividipennis on GMHT rice or controls fit Beddington’s model; there were no significant differences in the parameters of numerical responses between GMHT rice Bar68-1 and D68. The results indicated that the functional and numerical responses of C. lividipennis to BPH eggs are not affected by GMHT rice Bar68-1.

Two scab diseases are currently recognized on citrus: citrus scab, caused by Elsinoë fawcettii, and sweet orange scab, caused by E. australis. Although these pathogens are economically important, there is no molecular data on these species in China. Here we use internal transcribed spacer sequence data to report on host-specificity and genetic relationships among 46 isolates collected from the main citrus varieties grown across China. All strains isolated were E. fawcettii. Based on pathogenicity testing on 9 different citrus species, isolates were divided into 11 pathotypes (SM, FBHR, SJCR, SPOJCR, SR, SOJG, SPOJC, SRGC, Lemon and two unnamed pathotypes). SM is a new pathotype, and two isolates did not fit into any of the known pathotypes of E. fawcettii. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR-PCR) assays separated the E. fawcettii isolates into 10 subgroups; the groupings basically corresponded to the pathogenicity test.