土壤质地通过影响碳组分、养分和微生物丰度驱动水稻分蘖期甲烷排放

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.12.049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究从稻田土壤质地切入，探讨了稻田甲烷（CH₄）排放的复杂机制。通过分析中国主要稻作区31份稻田土壤样品，研究了水稻分蘖期土壤质地、有机碳组成、土壤养分和微生物丰度调控稻田CH₄排放的复杂相互作用。结果表明，不同土壤间CH₄排放存在显著差异，并与土壤质地、有机碳、养分水平及微生物丰度显著相关。土壤质地，尤其是黏粒含量，是影响有机碳组成的关键因素，与矿物结合态有机碳（MAOC）呈显著正相关。有机碳组分显著促进CH₄排放，但其影响并不一致：颗粒态有机碳（POC）与CH₄排放呈负相关，而MAOC则呈正相关。土壤质地还影响养分有效性，其中黏粒含量与土壤氮、磷含量显著相关。养分含量与产甲烷菌（mcrA）和甲烷氧化菌（pmoA）功能基因丰度密切相关。mcrA丰度与速效钾呈正相关，pmoA丰度与速效磷呈正相关。此外，pmoA的丰度受到溶解性有机碳的促进，但被黏土含量所抑制。网络分析进一步突显了土壤质地的核心地位，土壤黏粒含量表现出最高的度中心性和接近中心性。综上所述，土壤质地是影响水稻分蘖期CH₄排放的基础核心因素，其作用通过多条途径实现，包括调控有机碳组成、养分有效性和产甲烷菌与甲烷氧化菌的丰度。该结果为针对不同土壤质地特征制定低碳栽培策略提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

This study explored the complex mechanisms of methane (CH₄) emissions in paddy fields, focusing on the often-overlooked role of soil texture. Through the analysis of 31 paddy soil samples, the research investigated the complex interactions among soil texture, organic carbon composition, soil nutrients, and microbial abundance in regulating CH₄ emissions during the tillering stage of rice. The results revealed significant variations in CH₄emissions among different soils, which were notably associated with soil texture, organic carbon, nutrients levels, and microbial abundance. Soil texture, particularly clay content, emerged as a key factor influencing the composition of organic carbon, showing a significant positive correlation with mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC). While organic carbon components significantly enhanced CH₄ emissions, their effects were not uniform: particulate organic carbon correlated negatively with emissions, whereas MAOC showed a positive association. Soil texture also influenced nutrients availability, with clay content significantly correlated with soil nitrogen and phosphorus content, which in turn affects the abundance of functional genes. Specifically, mcrA abundance was positively correlated with available potassium, while pmoA abundance was positively correlated with available phosphorus. Additionally, dissolved organic carbon promoted pmoA abundance, although this effect was mitigated by higher clay content. Network analysis further emphasized the central role of soil texture, with clay exhibiting the highest degree and closeness centrality. In conclusion, soil texture is a fundamental and core factor influencing CH₄ emissions at tillering of rice, exerting its influence through multiple pathways including modulating the composition of organic carbon, nutrient availability, and the abundance of methanogens and methanotrophs. These findings provide theoretical foundations for developing low-carbon cultivation strategies tailored to different soil textural characteristics.

Key words: soil texture , organic carbon composition , nutrient , microbial abundance

Deshun Xiao, Chang Ye, Hengyu Ma, Yanan Xu, Yi Tao, Junlin Zhu, Wenli Liao, Song Chen, Guang Chu, Yuanhui Liu, Kai Yu, Chunmei Xu, Danying Wang. 土壤质地通过影响碳组分、养分和微生物丰度驱动水稻分蘖期甲烷排放[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(10): 4339-4350.

Deshun Xiao, Chang Ye, Hengyu Ma, Yanan Xu, Yi Tao, Junlin Zhu, Wenli Liao, Song Chen, Guang Chu, Yuanhui Liu, Kai Yu, Chunmei Xu, Danying Wang. Soil texture drives rice methane emissions at tillering stage via carbon fractions, nutrients and microbial abundance[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(10): 4339-4350.

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