落花生属植物遗传转化研究现状

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

花生是重要的植物油、蛋白质和饲用作物。花生隶属于落花生属植物，该属包括9个区组83种植物。多数落花生属植物为野生种，可以作为饲草和草坪草。另外，花生区组的野生种还能够为栽培花生提供基因资源用于提高其遗传多样性。至今，已鉴定到多个落花生属植物的重要基因资源。但是，却缺少基于分子水平的遗传改良，研究者归咎为落花生属植物遗传转化体系不成熟。然而，早在30年前就已有落花生属植物遗传转化的报道。因此，在落花生属植物遗传转化体系完备和候选基因未能验证之间存在强烈的矛盾。本综述对已有落花生属植物的体外再生体系和遗传转化体系进行了总结，期望为研究者提供参考。

Abstract:

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) are important sources of vegetable oil, protein, and forage. The genus Arachis comprises nine intrageneric taxonomic sections encompassing 84 species. Most Arachis species are wild plants that serve widely as forage and turfgrass. Furthermore, wild Arachis species provide valuable gene resources for broadening the genetic diversity of cultivated peanuts. To date, several key genes have been identified through the use of recombinant inbred lines derived from interspecific crosses within Arachis. Despite this progress, the application of genetic engineering to enhance peanut traits remains limited. This limitation arises primarily from the absence of a robust and reliable genetic transformation protocol for Arachis species. Nevertheless, evidence indicates that successful genetic transformation of Arachis plants was first reported approximately 30 years ago. Thus, a notable discrepancy exists between early reports of transformation success and the ongoing challenges in stably transferring candidate genes into Arachis genotypes. This review summarizes existing methods for regeneration and genetic transformation in Arachis, aiming to advance understanding of transgenic technologies applicable to this genus.

Key words: Arachis , CRISPR/Cas9 , genetic transformation , in vitro regeneration

Hui Song, Meiran Li, Zhenquan Duan. 落花生属植物遗传转化研究现状[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(2): 577-584.

Hui Song, Meiran Li, Zhenquan Duan. Current status of the genetic transformation of Arachis plants[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(2): 577-584.

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