长期实验增温对4种高寒植物叶际附生细菌和真菌群落的影响

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气候变暖将如何影响叶际微生物群落仍存在不确定性。本研究探讨了长期(>10年)实验增温对藏北黑褐苔草、小嵩草、二裂委陵菜和丝颖针茅的叶际附生细菌和真菌群落的影响。总体而言，增温增加了宿主植物叶际附生细菌α-多样性，但降低了叶际附生真菌α-多样性。增温改变了宿主植物叶际附生细菌和真菌的群落组成，主要表现为放线菌门、厚壁菌门和致病-腐生真菌丰度的增加，而担子菌门和共生真菌丰度的减少。增温增加了“漂移和其他”过程对细菌群落组装的影响，而降低了“扩散限制”过程对细菌群落组装的影响和“均质化选择”过程对真菌群落组装的影响。叶际微生物群落的变化可能与增温引起的温度、叶片形态结构和生理、叶际微生物群落组装的生态过程、以及叶际微生物物种共现网络拓扑结构的变化有关。增温改变了细菌物种共现网络，主要表现为顶点、聚类系数和异质性的增加，以及平均路径长度和网络直径。增温主要是通过增加网络直径并减少顶点影响真菌物种共现网络。增温对叶际附生微生物群落的影响随着宿主植物的变化而变化，这可能与不同植物的株高、叶片丙二醛、叶际微生物群落组装生态过程和物种共现网络拓扑参数对增温的响应不同有关。因此，气候变暖会改变高寒植物的叶际附生细菌和真菌群落，这种变化因宿主植物而异。气候变暖引起的叶际附生微生物群落的变化可能对宿主植物产生不利影响。

Abstract:

The effects of climatic warming on phyllosphere microbial communities remain uncertain. In this study, the effects of long-term (>10 years) experimental warming on phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial and fungal communities of Carex alrofusca, Kobresia pygmaea, Potentilla bifurca and Stipa capillacea were examined in the northern Tibet. Overall, warming increased bacterial α-diversity, but reduced fungal α-diversity across the four host plants. Warming altered the bacterial and fungal community compositions mainly by increasing Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and pathotroph-saprotroph fungi, and reducing Basidiomycota and symbiotroph fungi across the four host plants. Warming increased the relative effect of the ‘drift & others’ process in the bacterial community, but reduced the relative effect of the ‘dispersal limitation’ process in the bacterial community and the relative effect of the ‘homogeneous selection’ process in the fungal community across the four host plants. The overall warming effects on the bacterial and fungal communities may be due to overall warming effects on temperature, leaf morphology structure and physicochemical properties, ecological processes of community assembly and topological parameters of species co-occurrence networks of bacteria and fungi. Warming altered the bacterial species co-occurrence network mainly by increasing the vertex, clustering coefficient and heterogeneity, while reducing the average path length and network diameter across host species. Warming altered the fungal species co-occurrence network mainly by increasing the network diameter and reducing the vertex across host species. Warming effects on bacterial and fungal communities varied among host plants, which may be due to the diverse responses to warming of plant height, leaf malondialdehyde, ecological processes of community assembly and topological parameters of species co-occurrence network. Therefore, warming can alter phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial and fungal communities of alpine plants. Such changes varied among host plants and may cause adverse effects on the host plants.

Key words: biodiversity , phyllosphere microbes , epiphytic microbes , climate change , alpine regions , host plants

. 长期实验增温对4种高寒植物叶际附生细菌和真菌群落的影响[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(3): 799-814.

Gang Fu, Guangyu Zhang, Huakun Zhou. Effects of long-term experimental warming on phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial and fungal communities of four alpine plants[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(3): 799-814.

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