胼胝质合成酶ZmCals12通过介导共质体运输来调控玉米的生长和发育

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碳水化合物从源到库组织的分配对于植物的生长和发育至关重要。然而，在玉米中，胼胝质合成酶基因调节碳水化合物分配的分子机制鲜有报道。本研究发现玉米胼胝质合成酶12（ZmCals12）的突变引起碳水化合物在光合叶片中过度积累，但在库组织中的积累显著减少，从而引起植株矮化和雄性不育。研究结果表明基因ZmCals12主要在维管运输系统中表达，参与调控胼胝质在维管束胞间连丝和韧皮部细胞周围的沉积。ZmCals12功能的缺失会引起光合细胞胞间连丝渗透性和叶脉运输能力降低，共质体运输减弱。此外，基因ZmCals12的突变会引起叶片维管细胞的发育受阻。这些异常共同阻碍了糖从源叶到库组织的运输，最终导致突变表型的产生。我们还发现Zmcals12突变体中受损的糖运输会抑制生长素的生物合成和信号传导，进而阻碍节间的伸长。该研究为更好的认识ZmCals12通过介导胼胝质沉积和共质体运输来调控玉米的生长和发育过程提供了新见解。

Abstract:

Carbohydrate partitioning from source to sink tissues is essential for plant growth and development. However, in maize (Zea mays L.), the molecular mechanisms by which callose synthase genes regulate this process remain largely unexplored. This study demonstrates that mutation of maize callose synthase12 (ZmCals12) results in increased carbohydrate accumulation in photosynthetic leaves but decreased carbohydrate content in sink tissues, leading to plant dwarfing and male sterility. Histochemical β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity assay and mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) revealed that ZmCals12 expression mainly occurs in the vascular transport system. ZmCals12 loss-of-function decreased callose synthase activity and callose deposition in plasmodesmatas (PDs) and surrounding phloem cells (PCs) of the vascular bundle. The drop-and-see (DANS) assay indicated reduced PD permeability in photosynthetic cells and diminished transport competence of leaf veins in Zmcals12 mutants, resulting in decreased symplastic transport. Paraffin section analysis revealed that less-developed vascular cells (VCs) in Zmcals12 mutants likely disrupted sugar transport, contributing to the pleiotropic phenotype. Furthermore, impaired sugar transport inhibited internode development by suppressing auxin (IAA) biosynthesis and signaling in Zmcals12 mutant. These findings elucidate the mechanism by which ZmCals12-mediated callose deposition and symplastic transport regulate maize growth and development

Key words: maize , ZmCals12 , plasmodesmata (PD) permeability , symplastic transport , less-developed vascular cells (VCs) , auxin (IAA) biosynthesis and signaling

Ziwen Shi, Sheng Zhang, Qing He, Xiaoyuan Wang, Bo Yang, Tao Yu, Hongyang Yi, Tingzhao Rong, Moju Cao. 胼胝质合成酶ZmCals12通过介导共质体运输来调控玉米的生长和发育[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(1): 42-55.

Ziwen Shi, Sheng Zhang, Qing He, Xiaoyuan Wang, Bo yang, Tao Yu, Hongyang Yi, Tingzhao Rong, Moju Cao. ZmCals12 impacts maize growth and development by regulating symplastic transport[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(1): 42-55.

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