Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (9): 3529-3545.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.004

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菌群YM2的富集、驯化、降解、适应机制以及烟嘧磺隆的生物修复

  

  • 收稿日期:2023-10-24 修回日期:2024-03-02 接受日期:2024-01-02 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-08-11

Enrichment, domestication, degradation, adaptive mechanism, and nicosulfuron bioremediation of bacteria consortium YM2

Yufeng Xiao1, Meiqi Dong1, Xian Wu2, Shuang Liang1, Ranhong Li1, Hongyu Pan3, Hao Zhang1#   

  1. 1 College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China

    2 Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China

    3 College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China

  • Received:2023-10-24 Revised:2024-03-02 Accepted:2024-01-02 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-08-11
  • About author:Yufeng Xiao, E-mail: xyfethan@163.com; #Correspondence Hao Zhang, E-mail: haozhang100@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was financially supported by the Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission (Innovation Capacity Building) Project, China (20231036-3) and the Key R&D Project of the Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin, China (20230203014SF).

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摘要：

烟嘧磺隆（NSR）是一种磺酰脲类除草剂，极易进入土壤和水体，影响自然环境和人类健康。本研究从某农药厂的活性淤泥中富集和驯化出降解菌群YM2，对烟嘧磺隆进行生物修复。对菌群YM2的培养基优化，筛选出最适碳源、氮源和无机盐分别为葡萄糖、酵母粉和NaCl，对其响应面分析，确定最佳培养条件为：9.41 g L–1麦芽糊精、21.37 g L–1酵母粉和12.45g L–1NaCl，在此培养基下菌群YM2对烟嘧磺隆的降解率达97.49%。优化菌群YM2对烟嘧磺隆的在不同环境条件下的降解特性，最佳降解条件为30℃、pH 6.0、菌群YM2的接种量1%、20 mg L–1烟嘧磺隆初始浓度。并且，菌群YM2对Cd2+、Pb2+、Ni2+、ZN2+等重金属离子耐受，可以在重金属离子胁迫下生长和降解。菌群YM2主要通过胞外酶降解烟嘧磺隆，降解率92.17%。在降解过程中，细胞膜通透性、细胞表面疏水性、活性氧含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、丙二醛含量、和细胞凋亡率均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，受到烟嘧磺隆胁迫时，激发菌群YM2的氧化应激系统，提升抗氧化酶活性，降低活性氧，并降解烟嘧磺隆，是菌群YM2的适应机制，即对烟嘧磺隆胁迫的应激反应。生物膜形成相关基因luxS、waaE、spo0A、wza的表达随时间和烟嘧磺隆浓度的变化而变化。适量的烟嘧磺隆诱导生物膜形成和激发氧化应激系统。污水和土壤中的20 mg kg–1烟嘧磺隆分别被降至1.92 mg L–1和2.72 mg L–1，降解率达90.4%和86.4%。在模拟污水处理装置中，水力停留时间12 h时，第一阶段（前3 d）仅添加烟嘧磺隆，第二阶段（3-10 d）添加菌群YM2，10天后菌群YM2降解了84.55%的烟嘧磺隆。本研究为烟嘧磺隆的微生物修复提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

Nicosulfuron (NSR), a sulfonylurea herbicide, readily infiltrates water bodies, potentially compromising aquatic ecosystems and human health.  In this study, bacteria consortium YM2 was isolated and cultivated from pesticide plant active sludge for NSR wastewater bioremediation.  Response surface methodology analysis demonstrated that under optimal cultivation conditions (9.41 g L–1 maltodextrin, 21.37 g L–1 yeast extract, and 12.45 g L–1 NaCl), the YM2 bacteria consortium achieved 97.49% NSR degradation within 4 d.  Optimal degradation parameters were established at 30°C, pH 6.0, 1% inoculum, and 20 mg L–1 initial NSR concentration.  The degradation system demonstrated resistance to heavy metal ions including Cd2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+, with degradation primarily occurring through bacterial extracellular enzymes (92.17%).  During the degradation process, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, cell membrane permeability, cell surface hydrophobicity, and apoptosis rate exhibited initial increases followed by decreases.  Additionally, biofilm formation-related genes luxS, waaE, spo0A, and wza showed temporal and concentration-dependent expression patterns.  NSR concentrations in wastewater and soil were reduced to 1.92 and 2.72 mg L–1, respectively.  In a simulated wastewater treatment unit with a 12-h hydraulic retention time, YM2 achieved 84.55% NSR degradation after 10 d.  These findings provide a theoretical foundation for microbial remediation of NSR contamination.

Key words: sulfonylurea herbicide , bioremediation ,  response surface methodology,  microbial degradation process