菌群YM2的富集、驯化、降解、适应机制以及烟嘧磺隆的生物修复

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 烟嘧磺隆（NSR）是一种磺酰脲类除草剂，极易进入土壤和水体，影响自然环境和人类健康。本研究从某农药厂的活性淤泥中富集和驯化出降解菌群YM2，对烟嘧磺隆进行生物修复。对菌群YM2的培养基优化，筛选出最适碳源、氮源和无机盐分别为葡萄糖、酵母粉和NaCl，对其响应面分析，确定最佳培养条件为：9.41 g L^–¹麦芽糊精、21.37 g L^–¹酵母粉和12.45g L^–¹NaCl，在此培养基下菌群YM2对烟嘧磺隆的降解率达97.49%。优化菌群YM2对烟嘧磺隆的在不同环境条件下的降解特性，最佳降解条件为30℃、pH 6.0、菌群YM2的接种量1%、20 mg L^–¹烟嘧磺隆初始浓度。并且，菌群YM2对Cd²⁺、Pb²⁺、Ni²⁺、ZN²⁺等重金属离子耐受，可以在重金属离子胁迫下生长和降解。菌群YM2主要通过胞外酶降解烟嘧磺隆，降解率92.17%。在降解过程中，细胞膜通透性、细胞表面疏水性、活性氧含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、丙二醛含量、和细胞凋亡率均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，受到烟嘧磺隆胁迫时，激发菌群YM2的氧化应激系统，提升抗氧化酶活性，降低活性氧，并降解烟嘧磺隆，是菌群YM2的适应机制，即对烟嘧磺隆胁迫的应激反应。生物膜形成相关基因luxS、waaE、spo0A、wza的表达随时间和烟嘧磺隆浓度的变化而变化。适量的烟嘧磺隆诱导生物膜形成和激发氧化应激系统。污水和土壤中的20 mg kg^–¹烟嘧磺隆分别被降至1.92 mg L^–¹和2.72 mg L^–¹，降解率达90.4%和86.4%。在模拟污水处理装置中，水力停留时间12 h时，第一阶段（前3 d）仅添加烟嘧磺隆，第二阶段（3-10 d）添加菌群YM2，10天后菌群YM2降解了84.55%的烟嘧磺隆。本研究为烟嘧磺隆的微生物修复提供了理论依据。

Abstract: Nicosulfuron (NSR), a sulfonylurea herbicide, can easily enter water bodies, affecting aquatic life and human safety. Here, bacteria consortium YM2 was enriched and domesticated from the active sludge of a pesticide plant for the bioremediation of NSR wastewater. The response surface methodology data revealed that under optimal incubation conditions: 9.41 g L^–¹ maltodextrin, 21.37 g L^–¹ yeast extract, and 12.45 g L^–¹NaCl, YM2 bacteria consortium degraded 97.49% of NSR within 4 d. The optimal degradation conditions were temperature 30°C, pH 6.0, inoculum 1%, and initial NSR concentration 20 mg L^–¹), The degradation system was tolerant to heavy metal ions such as Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Zn²⁺ and mainly occurred through the bacterial extracellular enzymes (92.17%). Mechanistically, during the degradation process, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, cell membrane permeability, cell surface hydrophobicity, and apoptosis rate first increased and then decreased. Also, the expression of biofilm formation-related genes luxS, waaE, spo0A, and wza varied with time and concentration. NSR wastewater and soil were degraded to 1.92 mg L^–¹ and 2.72 mg L^–¹, respectively. In a simulated wastewater treatment unit (hydraulic retention time 12 h), YM2 degraded 84.55% of NSR after 10 d. This study provides a theoretical basis for the microbial remediation of NSR.

Key words: Sulfonylurea herbicide , Bioremediation, , Response surface methodology, , Microbial degradation process

. 菌群YM2的富集、驯化、降解、适应机制以及烟嘧磺隆的生物修复[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.004.

Yufeng Xiao, Meiqi Dong, Xian Wu, Shuang Liang, Ranhong Li, Hongyu Pan, Hao Zhang. Enrichment, domestication, degradation, adaptive mechanism, and nicosulfuron bioremediation of bacteria consortium YM2[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.004.

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