Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 1300-1314.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.09.016

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草地贪夜蛾入侵导致中国西南地区玉米害虫地位的演替   

  • 收稿日期:2023-05-11 接受日期:2023-08-01 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2023-09-20

Invasion of fall armyworm led to the succession of maize pests in Southwest China

Zezheng Fan1, 2, Yifei Song3, Shengyuan Zhao3, Kongming Wu3#   

  1. 1 Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

    2 Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China 3 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

  • Received:2023-05-11 Accepted:2023-08-01 Online:2024-04-20 Published:2023-09-20
  • About author:Zezheng Fan, Tel: +86-10-62816631, E-mail: fanzezheng caas@163.com; #Correspondence Kongming Wu, Tel: +86-10-82105551, E-mail: wukongming@caas.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project, China (NT2021003) and the earmarked fund for China Agricultural Research System (CARS-02).

摘要:

入侵生物草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) 2018年侵入亚洲后,在热带和南亚热带地区定殖,并于春、夏季随季风迁入东北亚地区大范围发生为害,对亚洲国家玉米生产造成重大影响。以往的研究表明,这种害虫的入侵会改变玉米害虫的种间关系,但对玉米害虫管理的实际影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过对中国云南省和广西壮族自治区玉米生产小农户的调查访谈,探究2017-2021年期间中国云南省和广西壮族自治区草地贪夜蛾周年发生区玉米虫害发生及农药使用的变化情况。研究结果表明,草地贪夜蛾入侵定殖后,已取代亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura、小地老虎Agrotis ypsilon和玉米蚜虫Rhopalosiphum maidis等传统害虫,演替为玉米害虫的优势种类。玉米害虫防治农药的种类已由毒死蜱、高效氯氟氰菊酯和啶虫脒等变为对草地贪夜蛾有较高防效的甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐类农药。玉米害虫防治用药次数由平均每季5.88次增加到7.21次,夏秋季玉米用药量明显高于冬春季玉米,施药成本增加35%以上。本研究明确了草地贪夜蛾入侵对中国热带、南亚热带地区玉米害虫种群演替和化学农药使用的影响,为调整玉米害虫区域性防治策略提供了依据。

Abstract: The invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) invaded Asia in 2018, colonizing the tropical and southern subtropical regions as well as migrating with the monsoons into Northeast Asia during spring and summer.  This has resulted in widespread infestations, with significant impacts on maize production in various Asian countries.  Previous studies have shown that the invasion of this pest can alter the species relationships of maize pests, but the actual impact on maize pest management is still unclear.  This study investigated the changes in maize pest occurrence and pesticide use in the annual breeding areas of Sfrugiperda in Yunnan Province and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China during 2017–2021, based on surveys and interviews with small farmers in maize production.  The results showed that Sfrugiperda has emerged as the dominant species among maize pests after invasion and colonization, replacing traditional pests such as Ostrinia furnacalis, Spodoptera litura, Agrotis ypsilon, and Rhopalosiphum maidis.  The variety of pesticides used for maize pest control has changed from chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, and acetamiprid to emamectin benzoate-based pesticides with high effectiveness against Sfrugiperda.  Furthermore, the frequency of maize pest chemical applications has increased from an average of 5.88 to 7.21 times per season, with the amounts of pesticides used in summer and autumn maize being significantly higher than in winter and spring maize, thereby increasing application costs by more than 35%.  The results of this study clarified the impact of Sfrugiperda invasion on maize pest community succession and chemical pesticide use in tropical and south subtropical China, thereby providing a baseline for modifying the regional control strategies for maize pests after the invasion of this relatively new pest.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda ,  annual breeding region ,  sweet waxy corn ,  economic evaluation