多粘类芽胞杆菌KM2501-1微生物有机肥的制备及抗根结线虫效果评价

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63498-0

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根结线虫在世界范围内给农作物造成了巨大的产量损失。畜禽粪便可导致严重的环境污染，给农业环境造成极大负担。为了解决这两个问题，我们开发了一种利用亮斑扁角水虻幼虫和枯草芽胞杆菌BSF-CL联合将鸡粪转化为鸡粪有机肥的方法，然后将鸡粪有机肥与多粘类芽胞杆菌KM2501-1充分混合，最终浓度为1.5×10⁸ CFU g^-1。通过盆栽和大田试验，研究了KM2501-1微生物有机肥防治根结线虫的效果。盆栽试验中，施用KM2501-1微生物有机肥作为基肥或熏蒸剂，40 g/盆，对根结病的抑制率分别为61.76%和69.05%。KM2501-1微生物有机肥在田间试验中以1 Kg m^-2作为熏蒸剂施用，可促进番茄植株生长，抑制根结线虫病49.97%，减少土壤根结线虫二期幼虫88.68%。在盆栽和田间试验中，KM2501-1微生物有机肥对根结线虫的控制效果均优于市售生物有机肥。研究结果表明，这种共转化工艺能有效地将鸡粪转化为高附加值的幼虫生物量和KM2501-1微生物有机肥，作为新的线虫控制剂具有潜在的应用前景。

Abstract: Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) cause huge yield losses to agricultural crops worldwide. Meanwhile, livestock manure is often improperly managed by farmers, which leads to serious environmental pollution. To resolve these two problems, this study developed a procedure for the conversion of chicken manure to organic fertilizer by larvae of Hermetia illucens L. and Bacillus subtilis BSF-CL. Chicken manure organic fertilizer was then mixed thoroughly with Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 to a final concentration of 1.5×10⁸ CFU g^–1. The efficacy of KM2501-1 microbial organic fertilizer in controlling root-knot nematodes was evaluated in pot and field experiments. In pot experiments, applying KM2501-1 microbial organic fertilizer either as a base fertilizer or as a fumigant at the dose of 40 g/pot suppressed root-knot disease by 61.76 and 69.05% compared to the corresponding control treatments, respectively. When applied as a fumigant at the dose of 1 kg m^–2 in field experiments, KM2501-1 microbial organic fertilizer enhanced the growth of tomato plants, suppressed root-knot disease by 49.97%, and reduced second stage juveniles of RKN in soil by 88.68%. KM2501-1 microbial organic fertilizer controlled RKNs better than commercial bio-organic fertilizer in both pot and field experiments. These results demonstrate that this co-conversion process efficiently transforms chicken manure into high value-added larvae biomass and KM2501-1 microbial organic fertilizer with potential application as a novel nematode control agent.

Key words: chicken manure , Hermetia illucens L. , microbial organic fertilizer , root-knot nematode , field experiment

. 多粘类芽胞杆菌KM2501-1微生物有机肥的制备及抗根结线虫效果评价[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(2): 542-551.

CHENG Wan-li, ZENG Li, YANG Xue, HUANG Dian, YU Hao, CHEN Wen, CAI Min-min, ZHENG Long-yu, YU Zi-niu, ZHANG Ji-bin. Preparation and efficacy evaluation of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 microbial organic fertilizer against root-knot nematodes[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(2): 542-551.

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