Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2022, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 797-811.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63825-X

所属专题： 动物营养合辑Animal Nutrition

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-19 接受日期:2021-08-30 出版日期:2022-03-01 发布日期:2021-08-30

Quantification and prediction of enteric methane emissions from Chinese lactating Holstein dairy cows fed diets with different dietary neutral detergent fiber/non-fibrous carbohydrate (NDF/NFC) ratios

DONG Li-feng1*, JIA Peng1,2*, LI Bin-chang1, WANG Bei1, YANG Chun-lei3, LIU Zhi-hao1, DIAO Qi-yu1   

  1. 1 Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sino-US Joint Lab on Nutrition and Metabolism of Ruminant/CAAS-CIAT Joint Laboratory in Advanced Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture, Beijing 100081, P.R.China 
    2 Institute of ruminant research, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, P.R.China 
    3 College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R.China
  • Received:2020-08-19 Accepted:2021-08-30 Online:2022-03-01 Published:2021-08-30
  • About author:DONG Li-feng, Tel: +86-10-82106094, E-mail: donglifeng@caas.cn; JIA Peng, Tel: +86-10-82106094, E-mail: jiapeng123123@163.com; Correspondence DIAO Qi-yu, Tel: +86-10-82106055, Fax: +86-10-62169105, E-mail: diaoqiyu@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of China (2016YFE0109000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31802085 and 31702133), and the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Y2021GH18-2).

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摘要：

本研究旨在研究不同中性洗涤纤维/非纤维碳水化合物（NDF/NFC）比例的日粮对不同泌乳阶段荷斯坦奶牛生产性能、养分消化率和CH4排放的影响，建立日粮结构和产奶量与CH4的模型，并将该模型与其他已发表的预测模型进行了对比分析。试验将36头泌乳奶牛分为三个处理组，即NDF/NFC=1.19（低NDF/NFC组）、NDF/NFC=1.54（中NDF/NFC处理组）和NDF/NFC=1.68（高NDF/NFC处理组）。使用六氟化硫示踪法测定瘤胃CH4排放量，酸不溶性灰分法测定营养物质消化率。结果表明，泌乳早期、中期和晚期奶牛随着日粮NDF/NFC比例的增加，干物质采食量（DMI）均显著降低（P<0.01），分别从20.9 降至15.4 kg d-1，从15.3降至11.6 kg d-1，从16.4降至15.0 kg d-1。三种处理中，泌乳中期和后期奶牛的DM和总能(GE)消化率最高(P<0.05)。随着日粮中NDF/NFC比例的增加，泌乳早期、中期和晚期奶牛CH4排放量呈现线性增加(P<0.05)，分别从325.2到391.9 kg d-1，261.0到399.8 kg d-1，241.8到390.6 kg d-1。每单位代谢体重、DM摄入量、NDF摄入量或脂肪校正产奶量下的CH4排放量随着日粮中NDF/NFC比例的增加而增加。此外，泌乳早期、中期和晚期奶牛随着日粮NDF/NFC比例的增加，CH4能占摄入GE的比例显著增加（P<0.05），分别从4.87%到8.12%，5.16%到9.25%，5.06%到8.17%。建立的模型结果表明，使用DM摄入量作为单一变量的方程比使用其他饲粮或产奶量变量的方程产生更大的R2值。将每个泌乳阶段获得的数据合并后，与任何其他预测变量相比，DM摄入量仍然是更好的CH4排放量预测指标（R2=0.786，P=0.026）。与本文开发的预测方程相比，先前公布的方程具有更高水平的均方根预测误差，反映它们无法准确预测中国荷斯坦奶牛的CH4排放水平。中国饲养模式下的泌乳奶牛CH4产量的量化以及相关预测方程的建立，将有助于建立区域或国家的CH4排放清单和改进乳制品生产过程中的CH4减排方法。


Abstract: Methane (CH4) emissions from ruminant production are a significant source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas production, but few studies have examined the enteric CH4 emissions of lactating dairy cows under different feeding regimes in China.  This study aimed to investigate the influence of different dietary neutral detergent fiber/non-fibrous carbohydrate (NDF/NFC) ratios on production performance, nutrient digestibility, and CH4 emissions for Holstein dairy cows at various stages of lactation. It evaluated the performance of CH4 prediction equations developed using local dietary and milk production variables compared to previously published prediction equations developed in other production regimes.  For this purpose, 36 lactating cows were assigned to one of three treatments with differing dietary NDF/NFC ratios: low (NDF/NFC=1.19), medium (NDF/NFC=1.54), and high (NDF/NFC=1.68).  A modified acid-insoluble ash method was used to determine nutrient digestibility, while the sulfur hexafluoride technique was used to measure enteric CH4 emissions.  The results showed that the dry matter (DM) intake of cows at the early, middle, and late stages of lactation decreased significantly (P<0.01) from 20.9 to 15.4 kg d–1, 15.3 to 11.6 kg d–1, and 16.4 to 15.0 kg d–1, respectively, as dietary NDF/NFC ratios increased.  Across all three treatments, DM and gross energy (GE) digestibility values were the highest (P<0.05) for cows at the middle and late lactation stages.  Daily CH4 emissions increased linearly (P<0.05), from 325.2 to 391.9 kg d–1, 261.0 to 399.8 kg d–1, and 241.8 to 390.6 kg d–1, respectively, as dietary NDF/NFC ratios increased during the early, middle, and late stages of lactation.  CH4 emissions expressed per unit of metabolic body weight, DM intake, NDF intake, or fat-corrected milk yield increased with increasing dietary NDF/NFC ratios.  In addition, CH4 emissions expressed per unit of GE intake increased significantly (P<0.05), from 4.87 to 8.12%, 5.16 to 9.25%, and 5.06 to 8.17% respectively, as dietary NDF/NFC ratios increased during the early, middle, and late lactation stages.  The modelling results showed that the equation using DM intake as the single variable yielded a greater R2 than equations using other dietary or milk production variables.  When data obtained from each lactation stage were combined, DM intake remained a better predictor of CH4 emissions (R2=0.786, P=0.026) than any other variables tested.  Compared to the prediction equations developed herein, previously published equations had a greater root mean square prediction error, reflecting their inability to predict CH4 emissions for Chinese Holstein dairy cows accurately.  The quantification of CH4 production by lactating dairy cows under Chinese production systems and the development of associated prediction equations will help  establish regional or national CH4 inventories and improve mitigation approaches to dairy production.


Key words: methane emission , feeding regime , prediction equation , lactating dairy cow