Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2020, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (12): 2997-3012.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63213-0

所属专题: 玉米遗传育种合辑Maize Genetics · Breeding · Germplasm Resources 玉米耕作栽培合辑Maize Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-29 出版日期:2020-12-01 发布日期:2020-11-19

Innovation of the double-maize cropping system based on cultivar growing degree days for adapting to changing weather conditions in the North China Plain

WANG Dan1, 2, 3, LI Guo-rui4, ZHOU Bao-yuan2, ZHAN Ming1, CAO Cou-gui1, MENG Qing-feng5, XIA Fei1, MA Wei2, ZHAO Ming2 
  

  1. 1 College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculturial University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation (Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
    3 Insititute of Maize Science, Tongliao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tongliao 028042, P.R.China
    4 College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, P.R.China
    5 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R.China
  • Received:2019-08-29 Online:2020-12-01 Published:2020-11-19
  • Contact: Correspondence ZHAO Ming, E-mail: zhaomingcau@163.com; MA Wei, E-mail: weiwei_8200@126.com
  • About author:WANG Dan, E-mail: wangdansyau@126.com;
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300207 and 2017YFD0300305).

Abstract:

Double-maize cropping system is an effective option for coping with climate change in the North China Plain.  However, the effects of changes in climate on the growth and yield of maize in the two seasons are poorly understood.  Forty-six cultivars of maize with different requirements for growing degree days (GDD), categorized as high (H), medium (M) or low (L), and three cultivar combinations for two seasons as LH (using JD27 and DMY1 from category L in the first season; and YD629 and XD22 from category H in the second season), MM (using JX1 and LC3 from category M in the first season; and ZD958 and JX1 from category M in the second season) and HL (using CD30 and QY9 from category H in the first season; and XK10 and DMY3 from category L in the second season) were tested to examine the eco-physiological determinants of maize yield from 2015 to 2017.  The correlations between the combinations of cultivars and grain yield were examined.  The combination LH produced the highest annual grain yield and total biomass, regardless of the year.  It was followed, in decreasing order, by MM and HL.  Higher grain yield and biomass in LH were mainly due to the greater grain yield and biomass in the second season, which were influenced mainly by the lengths of the pre- and post-silking periods and the rate of plant growth (PGR).  Temperature was the primary factor that influenced dry matter accumulation.  In the first season, low temperatures during pre-silking decreased both the duration and PGR in LH, whereas high temperatures during post-silking decreased the PGR in MM and HL, resulting in no significant differences in biomass being observed among the three combinations.  In the second season, high temperatures decreased both the PGR and pre- and post-silking duration in MM and HL, and consequently, the biomass of those two combinations were lower than that in LH.  Moreover, because of lower GDD and radiation in the first season and higher grain yield in the second season, production efficiency of temperature and radiation (Ra) was the highest in LH.  More importantly, differences in temperature and radiation in the two seasons significantly affected the rate and duration of growth in maize, and thereby affecting both dry matter and grain yield.  Our study indicated that the combination of LH is the best for optimizing the double-maize system under changing climatic conditions in the North China Plain.

Key words: double-maize cropping system ,  weather conditions ,  grain yield ,  North China Plain