基于稗草疏水表面特性制备适配植保无人机低容量喷雾的噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂以提高对直播水稻田稗草的除草活性

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.08.003

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 3746-3761.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.08.003

基于稗草疏水表面特性制备适配植保无人机低容量喷雾的噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂以提高对直播水稻田稗草的除草活性

收稿日期:2025-03-24 修回日期:2025-08-05 接受日期:2025-06-08 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-08-10

Development of a performance-matched oxaziclomefone nanosuspension based on the hydrophobic surface characteristics of barnyardgrass for unmanned aerial vehicle sprayers to improve herbicidal activity in direct-seeded rice fields

Xuejian Cheng¹, Chengying Ding¹, Aiping Wang¹, Lidong Cao¹, Chong Cao¹, Pengyue Zhao¹, Manli Yu¹, Li Zheng^2#, Qiliang Huang^1#

¹ Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
² College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2025-03-24 Revised:2025-08-05 Accepted:2025-06-08 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-08-10
About author:#Correspondence Li Zheng, E-mail: Zhengli@cau.edu.cn; Qiliang Huang, Tel: +86-10-62816909, E-mail: qlhuang@ippcaas.cn
Supported by:
This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1700500).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植保无人机的爆发式增长对农药制剂提出了新的要求，亟需基于靶标界面特性开发靶向、精准且高效的农药制剂以满足植保无人机低容量喷雾的需求。本研究基于稗草表面疏水特性，开发了适用于植保无人机低容量喷雾的噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂。OWRK法表明稗草2到3叶期近轴面和远轴面的固体表面自由能介于23.73 mJ m^-2至28.00 mJ m^-2之间，且以色散分量为主。稗草叶片表面覆盖着长度约为1μm的无序致密蜡片，将稗草叶片表面划分为不同大小的微纳米结构，其尺寸介于251.7 nm至266.8 nm之间。噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂中的纳米颗粒可以嵌入稗草表面的微纳米结构中。雾化试验表明，噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂可以显著降低细雾滴比例，进而降低飘移潜能。噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂具有良好的稀释稳定性和热储稳定性，可以改善雾滴在稗草表面的润湿、铺展和粘附性能，且显著提高了噁嗪草酮在稗草植株体内的内吸和传导性能。此外，噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂可以显著提高对直播水稻田稗草的除草活性，且不会增加对水稻的药害风险。本研究为基于靶标界面特性开发适配植保无人机低容量喷雾的纳米农药制剂提供了一种新颖、有前景且可行的策略，对于提高植保无人机的剂量输送效率和改善对有害生物的防治效果具有重要意义。

Abstract:

The explosive increase in the use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers has put forward new requirements for pesticide formulations, and there is an imperative necessity to develop targeted, precise, and efficient pesticide formulations based on the surface characteristics of targets to meet the demand for low-volume spraying by UAVs. Herein, a performance-matched oxaziclomefone nanosuspension (NS) was constructed based on the hydrophobic surface characteristics of barnyardgrass for UAV sprayers. The results showed that the solid surface free energy of the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of barnyardgrass at different growth stages ranged from 23.73 to 28.00 mJ m^–2 and was dominated by dispersive components. The average sizes of micro-nanostructures on the barnyardgrass surfaces ranged from 251.7 to 266.8 nm, and the oxaziclomefone nanoparticles in the NS could be suitably embedded into the micro-nanostructures of the barnyardgrass surface. The atomization test showed that the NS could significantly decrease the percentage of spray droplets with sizes for droplet drift. Due to the precise regulation of the formulation components, the NS exhibited superior wetting, spreading, and adhesion performance on the barnyardgrass surface. Moreover, the NS remarkably enhanced the uptake and translocation of oxaziclomefone in barnyardgrass. Field trials showed that, compared to the commercial formulation, the NS could significantly improve the control efficacy against barnyardgrass in direct-seeded rice fields while demonstrating acceptable safety for rice. Our research provides a novel, promising, and feasible strategy for the development of pesticide formulations based on target surface characteristics and for improving the physicochemical properties of dilutions, which is valuable for enhancing dosage delivery efficiency and improving control efficiency against pests for UAV sprayers.

Key words: hydrophobic surface , nanosuspension , unmanned aerial vehicle , herbicidal activity , direct-seeded rice fields

Xuejian Cheng, Chengying Ding, Aiping Wang, Lidong Cao, Chong Cao, Pengyue Zhao, Manli Yu, Li Zheng, Qiliang Huang. 基于稗草疏水表面特性制备适配植保无人机低容量喷雾的噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂以提高对直播水稻田稗草的除草活性[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(9): 3746-3761.

Xuejian Cheng, Chengying Ding, Aiping Wang, Lidong Cao, Chong Cao, Pengyue Zhao, Manli Yu, Li Zheng, Qiliang Huang. Development of a performance-matched oxaziclomefone nanosuspension based on the hydrophobic surface characteristics of barnyardgrass for unmanned aerial vehicle sprayers to improve herbicidal activity in direct-seeded rice fields[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(9): 3746-3761.

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基于稗草疏水表面特性制备适配植保无人机低容量喷雾的噁嗪草酮纳米悬浮剂以提高对直播水稻田稗草的除草活性

Development of a performance-matched oxaziclomefone nanosuspension based on the hydrophobic surface characteristics of barnyardgrass for unmanned aerial vehicle sprayers to improve herbicidal activity in direct-seeded rice fields

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