利用扩大的基因型数据鉴定新的玉米抗黄曲霉QTL

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.01.002

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 3559-3571.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.01.002

利用扩大的基因型数据鉴定新的玉米抗黄曲霉QTL

收稿日期:2024-09-28 修回日期:2025-01-03 接受日期:2024-12-17 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-08-10

Identification of novel QTLs contributing to resistance against Aspergillus flavus in maize (Zea mays L.) using an enlarged genotype panel

Jianxin Li¹, Lianglei Zhang¹, Xiang Guo¹, Jihong Zhang¹, Shiwei Wang¹, Xinyu Sun¹, Haiyang Duan¹, Huiling Xie¹, Dong Ding¹, Jihua Tang^{1, 2#}, Xuehai Zhang^1#

¹National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
²The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received:2024-09-28 Revised:2025-01-03 Accepted:2024-12-17 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-08-10
About author:#Correspondence Xuehai Zhang, Tel: +86-371-56990188, Fax: +86-371-56990186, E-mail: xuehai85@126.com; Jihua Tang, E-mail: tangjihua1@163.com
Supported by:
This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171980), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M682295), the Henan Province Science and Technology Attack Project, China (232102110181, 242102110307), the Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund Project of Henan Province, China (232300421261), and the Henan Provincial Higher Education Key Research Project, China (24B210003).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

玉米作为重要的全球性作物，是主要的食品和饲料来源。然而，其籽粒易受黄曲霉菌侵染，该真菌因其能够产生高毒性且致癌的黄曲霉毒素而闻名，对人类及动物健康构成严重威胁。因此，鉴定与抗黄曲霉毒素相关的数量性状位点（QTL）并培育抗黄曲霉毒素的玉米品种，对于降低黄曲霉毒素污染风险具有重要意义。本研究致力于通过提升基因型标记密度，深入探索玉米抗黄曲霉性的遗传基础。对一个包含311个玉米自交系的群体在受控环境下进行黄曲霉接种试验并收集其黄曲霉抗性表型数据。利用这些丰富的表型与基因型，进行全基因组关联分析（GWAS），旨在鉴定与黄曲霉抗性紧密相关的遗传位点。结果显示，黄曲霉抗性表型呈现出正态分布特征，且温带自交系相较于热带/亚热带材料展现出更强的黄曲霉抗性。通过GWAS分析，成功鉴定出15个新的QTL，这些QTL能够解释8.22%至27.71%的表型变异，并覆盖了47个高表达基因。这一发现表明，基因型标记密度的增加显著提升了GWAS的统计功效。进一步的功能注释分析，包括GO和KEGG富集分析表明，这些基因与脂肪酸合成、糖苷分解和根系生长发育密切相关。位于ZmAFR16上的基因Zm00001d021197呈现簇状峰，平均可解释10.21%的表型变异，发现该基因在细胞膜形成过程中发挥作用，并具有α-L-岩藻糖苷酶活性，可促进糖代谢，有助于多糖降解。单倍型分析显示，Zm00001d033637和Zm00001d021197的不同单倍型对黄曲霉抗性存在显著差异。携带这两个基因的有利单倍型组合的玉米自交系表现出对黄曲霉较强的抗性。选择扫描分析结果显示，在大刍草（Zea mays ssp. mexicana）驯化为现代玉米过程中，以及热带/亚热带玉米适应温带玉米过程中，Zm00001d021197受到了选择。更为重要的是，我们在Zm00001d021197启动子区域开发了分子标记，能够有效鉴定出具有抗黄曲霉优异单倍型的玉米种质资源。这些研究结果不仅深化了我们对于影响玉米籽粒抗黄曲霉抗性遗传因子的理解，还为改良现有种质、培育具有更强抗病性的玉米新品种提供了宝贵的理论依据和技术支持。

Abstract:

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a crucial global crop that serves as a primary source of food and feed. However, its kernels are susceptible to infection by Aspergillus flavus, a fungus known for producing aflatoxins - which are highly carcinogenic compounds harmful to human and animal health. Identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for aflatoxin resistance and developing aflatoxin-resistant maize varieties are essential for mitigating aflatoxin contamination. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using an enlarged genotypic panel of 311 maize inbred lines was used to identify genetic loci associated with A. flavus resistance. Phenotypic data on A. flavus resistance were collected through controlled inoculation experiments conducted under controlled conditions. The results revealed that the resistance to A. flavus follows a normal distribution. In addition, temperate inbreds exhibited stronger resistance to A. flavus than tropical/subtropical materials. This study identified 13 novel QTLs encompassing 47 highly expressed genes, with each QTL explaining 8.22–27.71% of the phenotypic variation, indicating that the higher marker density improved statistical power. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that these genes are related to fatty acid synthesis, glycoside decomposition, and root growth and development. One specific gene located on ZmAFR16, ZmFUC1, displayed clustered peaks and accounted for an average of 10.21% of the phenotypic variation. This gene was found to play a role in cell membrane formation and possess alpha-L-fucosidase activity, so it promotes glycoside metabolism and contributes to polysaccharide degradation. Haplotype analysis showed significant differences in resistance to A. flavus among the different haplotypes of elo1 and ZmFUC1. Inbreds carrying the favorable haplotype combination of these two genes exhibited strong resistance to A. flavus. A select sweep analysis indicated that ZmFUC1 was selected during the domestication of teosinte (Zea mays ssp. mexicana) to modern maize, as well as during the adaptation from tropical/subtropical maize to temperate maize. Importantly, this study developed molecular markers in the promoter region of ZmFUC1 to efficiently identify maize germplasm with beneficial haplotypes for resistance to A. flavus. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the genetic factors influencing maize kernel resistance to A. flavus but also offer valuable insights for improving existing germplasm and developing new maize varieties with enhanced resistance to this pathogen

Key words: maize , Aspergillus flavus resistance , genome-wide association analysis , mycorrhizal fungal symbiosis , fatty acid synthesis and elongation , XP-CLR

Jianxin Li, Lianglei Zhang, Xiang Guo, Jihong Zhang, Shiwei Wang, Xinyu Sun, Haiyang Duan, Huiling Xie, Dong Ding, Jihua Tang, Xuehai Zhang. 利用扩大的基因型数据鉴定新的玉米抗黄曲霉QTL[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(9): 3559-3571.

Jianxin Li, Lianglei Zhang, Xiang Guo, Jihong Zhang, Shiwei Wang, Xinyu Sun, Haiyang Duan, Huiling Xie, Dong Ding, Jihua Tang, Xuehai Zhang. Identification of novel QTLs contributing to resistance against Aspergillus flavus in maize (Zea mays L.) using an enlarged genotype panel[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(9): 3559-3571.

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利用扩大的基因型数据鉴定新的玉米抗黄曲霉QTL

Identification of novel QTLs contributing to resistance against Aspergillus flavus in maize (Zea mays L.) using an enlarged genotype panel

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