Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 553-564.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.10.020

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我国东部农田土壤碳循环功能微生物丰度格局与地理驱动因素

  

  • 收稿日期:2025-04-30 修回日期:2025-11-01 接受日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-06

Patterns and geographical drivers for the abundance of CO2-assimilating bacteria, methanotrophs and CO-oxidizing bacteria in agricultural soils across eastern China

Shengmeng Zheng1, 2, 3, Yinhang Xia2, 4, Hang Qiao2, 3, Ji Liu2, 5, Fen Jia1, Miaomiao Zhang2, 3, Hongzhao Yuan2, 3, Youming Zhang6, Xunyang He2, Jinshui Wu2, 3, Yirong Su2, Xiangbi Chen2, 3#   

  1. 1 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China

    2 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China

    3 Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410158, China

    4 College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

    5 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China

    6 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266327, China

  • Received:2025-04-30 Revised:2025-11-01 Accepted:2025-10-11 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-06
  • About author:Shengmeng Zheng, E-mail: shengmz0712@163.com; #Correspondence Xiangbi Chen, E-mail: xbchen@isa.ac.cn
  • Supported by:

    This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1902802), the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars in Hunan, China (2024JJ2052), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China (2022J05263), the Nanping City Science and Technology Plan Project, China (NP2021KTS02), the Talent Introduction Project of Wuyi University, China (YJ202117), and the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology in Shandong University, China (M2022-05).

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摘要：

携带cbbL、pmoA和coxL基因的微生物在调节土壤-大气间碳痕量气体（CO2、CH4和CO）交换方面发挥着关键作用。然而，大尺度下农田生态系统中这些功能基因的地理分布格局及其环境驱动机制尚不明晰。本研究沿中国东部四个气候带（热带、亚热带、暖温带和中温带）配对采集了稻田和旱地表层土壤样品，定量分析了CO2同化细菌（cbbL基因）、甲烷氧化菌（pmoA基因）和CO氧化细菌（coxL基因）的丰度。结果表明碳循环功能微生物分布具有显著的生态系统特异性：cbbL基因丰度以旱地土壤（平均9.46×10⁹ copies g⁻¹）高于稻田土壤（平均6.44×10⁹ copies g⁻¹）；与之相反，甲烷氧化菌丰度以稻田（平均1.17×10⁸ copies g⁻¹）比旱地（平均5.78×10⁶ copies g⁻¹）高1~3个数量级；coxL基因丰度在两种土壤水平相当（平均分别为6.12×10⁸与5.91×10⁸ copies g⁻¹）。结构方程模型表明，地理位置（经纬度）是决定旱地土壤cbbL与pmoA基因分布的主控因子，而稻田土壤中总细菌丰度是上述三个基因的主要解释变量。研究揭示了农田土壤中碳循环微生物功能群具有独特生态适应机制，为预测大尺度下农田生态系统土壤-大气间气态碳交换强度和微生物过程提供了重要科学依据。

Abstract:

Microorganisms carrying cbbL, pmoA and coxL genes play crucial roles in regulating soil-atmosphere exchanges of carbon trace gases (CO2, CH4, and CO).  However, the geographical distribution patterns of these functional genes in agricultural ecosystems and their environmental drivers remain poorly understood.  Here, we surveyed agricultural soils across four climate zones (tropical, subtropical, warm temperate, and mid-temperate) in eastern China to quantify the abundances of CO2-assimilating bacteria (cbbL gene), methanotrophs (pmoA gene), and CO-oxidizing bacteria (coxL gene).  We found significant ecosystem-specific patterns: the cbbL gene was more abundant in upland soils (averaging 9.46×109 copies g–1) than in paddy soils (6.44×109 copies g–1).  In contrast, methanotrophs abundance was 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher in paddy (averaging 1.17×108 copies g–1) than in upland (5.78×106 copies g–1) soils.  The coxL gene maintained similar abundance levels across both soil types (averaging 6.12×108 vs. 5.91×108 copies g–1).  Structural equation models revealed that spatial factors primarily shaped cbbL and pmoA in uplands, whereas total bacterial abundance was the dominant predictor for all three genes in paddy soils.  These results highlight distinct ecological controls on microbial functional groups and provide a predictive framework for how land use and climate change may regulate microbial mediation of carbon gas fluxes across a continental-scale transect in eastern China.


Key words: paddy , upland ,  CO2-assimilating bacteria ,  methanotrophs ,  CO-oxidizing bacteria ,  continental scale