增加根系-下部可以提高棉花品种苗期的抗旱性

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.07.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

干旱是棉花生产中一个重要的非生物胁迫因素。在干旱胁迫（DS）下，棉花的根系结构（RSA）在缓解干旱相关胁迫方面表现出高度的可塑性；然而，这种缓解取决于栽培品种。因此，本研究旨在估计棉花在DS下的RSA的遗传变异性。基于纸基培生长系统，我们评估了80个棉花栽培品种在苗期的RSA变异性，以0和10%的聚乙二醇6000（PEG6000）分别作为对照和DS处理。对80个棉花栽培品种的23个地上部性状和根系性状的分析表明，不同品种对DS的响应有所不同。DS处理后的第10天，DS下RSA性状的变异程度（5-55%）大于对照（5-49%）。根据抗旱性的综合评价值，将80个栽培品种分为耐旱型品种（第1组）、中度耐旱型品种（第2组）和干旱敏感型品种（第3组）。在DS条件下，与对照组相比，干旱敏感型品种的总根长-下部、总根表面积-下部、根体积-下部和根长密度-下部分别显著降低63、71、76和4%。值得注意的是，耐旱型品种保持了其总根长-下部、总根表面积-下部、根体积-下部和根长密度-下部。与对照组相比，DS条件下耐旱型品种的根系直径（0-2mm范围内）-下部增加了21%，但中度耐旱型品种和干旱敏感型品种分别降低3%和64%。此外，耐旱型品种在DS下表现出较强的可塑性反应，其特征表现为根系-下部增加。抗旱性与总根表面积-下部和根长密度-下部呈正相关。总体而言，不同棉花栽培品种的RSA在DS下差异很大。因此，重要的根系性状，如根系-下部，为探索抗旱棉花栽培品种是否能有效地抵御恶劣环境提供了重要的见解。

Abstract:

Drought is an important abiotic stress factor in cotton production. The root system architecture (RSA) of cotton shows high plasticity which can alleviate drought-related stress under drought stress (DS) conditions; however, this alleviation is cultivar dependent. Therefore, this study estimated the genetic variability of RSA in cotton under DS. Using the paper-based growth system, we assessed the RSA variability in 80 cotton cultivars at the seedling stage, with 0 and 10% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) as the control (CK) and DS treatment, respectively. An analysis of 23 above-ground and root traits in the 80 cotton cultivars revealed different responses to DS. On the 10th day after DS treatment, the degree of variation in the RSA traits under DS (5–55%) was greater than that of CK (5–49%). The 80 cultivars were divided into drought-tolerant cultivars (group 1), intermediate drought-tolerant cultivars (group 2), and drought-sensitive cultivars (group 3) based on their comprehensive evaluation values of drought resistance. Under DS, the root length-lower, root area-lower, root volume-lower, and root length density-lower were significantly reduced by 63, 71, 76, and 4% in the drought-sensitive cultivars compared to CK. Notably, the drought-tolerant cultivars maintained their root length-lower, root area-lower, root volume-lower, and root length density–lower attributes. Compared to CK, the root diameter (0–2 mm)-lower increased by 21% in group 1 but decreased by 3 and 64% in groups 2 and 3, respectively, under DS. Additionally, the drought-tolerant cultivars displayed a plastic response under DS that was characterized by an increase in the root-lower characteristics. Drought resistance was positively correlated with the root area-lower and root length density-lower. Overall, the RSA of the different cotton cultivars varied greatly under DS. Therefore, important root traits, such as the root-lower traits, provide great insights for exploring whether drought-tolerant cotton cultivars can effectively withstand adverse environments.

Key words: cotton , root system architecture , drought stress , cultivars variability , root-lower

Congcong Guo, Hongchun Sun, Xiaoyuan Bao, Lingxiao Zhu, Yongjiang Zhang, Ke Zhang, Anchang Li, Zhiying Bai, Liantao Liu, Cundong Li. 增加根系-下部可以提高棉花品种苗期的抗旱性[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2242-2254.

Congcong Guo, Hongchun Sun, Xiaoyuan Bao, Lingxiao Zhu, Yongjiang Zhang, Ke Zhang, Anchang Li, Zhiying Bai, Liantao Liu, Cundong Li. Increasing root-lower characteristics improves drought tolerance in cotton cultivars at the seedling stage[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2242-2254.

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