优化棉花Bt蛋白浓度：外源氨基酸和EDTA协同调节降低铃叶Bt毒素的时空差异

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

结铃期棉铃杀虫蛋白表达量最低、不同器官抗虫性的显著差异给防治棉铃虫带来了挑战。为此，2020-2021年棉花生长期，设计了蛋白质合成增强和降解减弱的协同调节试验研究。以两个陆地棉品种（Bt棉抗虫杂交种泗抗3号和常规种泗抗1号）为试验材料，设置了于盛花期喷施的3个处理：CK（对照，清水）、T1（氨基酸）和T2（氨基酸和EDTA）。结果表明，与CK相比，T1和T2处理显著增加了棉铃及其对位叶Bt蛋白含量，棉铃最大增幅达67.5%，叶片达21.7%。此外，棉铃与其对位叶间Bt蛋白含量差异减少了31.2%。相关分析推断与蛋白质合成提高、蛋白质分解减弱从而增强Bt蛋白含量的主要生理机制与Bt基因表达水平无关。逐步回归和通径分析揭示了：提高的可溶性蛋白含量和转氨酶活性、降低的蛋白质分解酶活性是Bt蛋白含量提高的主要原因。因此，氨基酸和EDTA的协同应用可成为能够提高Bt棉花整株抗虫性并降低棉铃和叶片间Bt毒素表达时空差异的一种调节手段。

Abstract:

During the boll formation stage, cotton bolls exhibit the lowest expression of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins. Resistance to insects varies notably among different organs, which poses challenges for controlling cotton bollworms. Consequently, an experimental strategy was designed in the 2020–2021 cotton growing season to coordinate the enhancement of protein synthesis and the attenuation of degradation. Two Bt cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum, namely the hybrid Sikang 3 and the conventional Sikang 1, were used as test materials. Three treatments were applied at the peak flowering period: CK (the control), T1 (amino acids), and T2 (amino acids and EDTA). The results show that, in comparison to the CK group, the Bt protein contents were significantly increased in both cotton bolls and their subtending leaves under the T1 and T2 treatments. The maximum levels of increase observed were 67.5% in cotton bolls and 21.7% in leaves. Moreover, the disparity in Bt protein content between cotton bolls and their subtending leaves notably decreased by 31.2%. Correlation analysis suggested that the primary physiological mechanisms for augmenting Bt protein content involve increased protein synthesis and reduced protein catabolism, which are independent of Bt gene expression levels. Stepwise regression and path analysis revealed that elevating the soluble protein content and transaminase activity, while reducing the catabolic enzyme activities, are instrumental in enhancing the Bt protein content. Consequently, the coordinated application of amino acids and EDTA emerges as a strategy that can improve the overall resistance of Bt cotton and mitigate the spatiotemporal variations in Bt toxin concentrations in both cotton bolls and leaves.

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum , Bt cotton , insecticidal protein , bolls and their subtending leaves , nitrogen metabolism

. 优化棉花Bt蛋白浓度：外源氨基酸和EDTA协同调节降低铃叶Bt毒素的时空差异[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(10): 3419-3436.

Zhenyu Liu, Shu Dong, Yuting Liu, Hanjia Li, Fuqin Zhou, Junfeng Ding, Zixu Zhao, Yinglong Chen, Xiang Zhang, Yuan Chen, Dehua Chen. Optimizing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein concentration in cotton: Coordinated application of exogenous amino acids and EDTA to reduce spatiotemporal variability in boll and leaf toxins[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(10): 3419-3436.

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