淮稻5号对拟禾本科根结线虫的抗性分析

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.11.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

拟禾本科根结线虫（Meloidogyne graminicola）是水稻上最具破坏性的植物寄生线虫之一，显著影响水稻产量。利用抗性品种是防治线虫病害最有效的管理措施。然而，然而目前拟禾本科根结线虫抗性水稻种质资源十分有限。本研究筛选获得了一个拟禾本科根结线虫抗性水稻品种淮稻5号，评估了其对拟禾本科根结线虫趋化吸引、早期侵染、根结形成的影响，并初步分析其抗性遗传特征。基于普朗克凝胶的吸引观察，发现与感病对照品种南粳9108相似，接种8h，二龄幼虫（J2）在淮稻5号根尖大量聚集；平板接种12 h，J2侵入根伸长区，但向根尖迁移受阻，根内线虫数量下降，表明淮稻5号不能阻碍J2早期侵入，但能抑制其取食位点的建立。同时，通过室内盆钵栽培和水培系统模拟旱地和灌溉条件，发现在两种水稻栽培条件下，淮稻5号的根结数量均低于对照感病品种，并且线虫的发育受到显著抑制。进一步将淮稻5号与南粳9108进行杂交，结果其杂交F₁子代显著降低了根结线虫的繁殖水平，表明淮稻5号的对拟禾本科根结线虫的抗性可能由主效基因控制。综上，本研究鉴定了淮稻5号为高抗拟禾本科根结线虫新的水稻种质资源，有助于促进根结线虫抗性水稻品种的选育。

Abstract:

Meloidogyne graminicola has emerged as one of the most destructive plant-parasitic nematodes affecting rice (Oryza sativa) production worldwide. Resistance to M. graminicola in rice could be the most effective option for its management. However, sources of germplasm with resistance to M. graminicola in rice remain limited. Here, we describe the root attraction, gall formation and genetic analysis of the resistance to M. graminicola in the rice variety Huidao 5. A nematode attraction assay showed that second-stage juveniles (J2s) of M. graminicola were attracted at the root tip of Huaidao 5 within 8 h without a significant reduction in attraction compared to the susceptible rice variety Nanjing 9108. Microscopic observation of the infection revealed that the J2s invaded root tissues 12 h after inoculation, but their subsequent movement to the root tip was hindered in Huaidao 5, resulting in decreased nematode number compared to Nanjing 9108. Additionally, we used the soil and hydroponic culture systems to simulate upland and flooding conditions in the paddy fields respectively, and found that gall number was significantly reduced, and nematode development was clearly suppressed in Huaidao 5. To investigate the genetic basis of this resistance, cross breeding was performed between the Huaidao 5 and Nanjing 9108 varieties. There was no reduction in the resistance of the F₁ offspring to M. graminicola in the greenhouse or field trials, suggesting that a dominant gene could control resistance in Huaidao 5. In summary, this study provides a detailed characterization of a novel source of resistance to M. graminicola in rice, which is of great potential for use in crop breeding.

Key words: root-knot nematode , Meloidogyne graminicola , rice , resistance

FENG Hui, ZHOU Can-rong, ZHU Feng, LE Xiu-hu, JING De-dao, Paul DALY, ZHOU Dong-mei, WEI Li-hui. 淮稻5号对拟禾本科根结线虫的抗性分析[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(10): 3081-3089.

FENG Hui, ZHOU Can-rong, ZHU Feng, LE Xiu-hu, JING De-dao, Paul DALY, ZHOU Dong-mei, WEI Li-hui. Resistance analysis of the rice variety Huaidao 5 against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(10): 3081-3089.

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