Anwar M P, Juraimi, A S, Puteh A, Man A, Rahman M M. 2012. Efficacy, phytotoxicity and economics of different herbicides in aerobic rice. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica (Section B - Soil & Plant Science), 62, 604–615.
Baloch M, Hassan G, Morimoto T. 2005. Weeding techniques in transplanted and wet-seeded rice in Pakistan. Weed Biology and Management, 5, 190–196.
Baloch M S, Awan I U, Hassan G, Khakwani A Z. 2006. Effect of establishment methods and weed management practices on some growth attributes of rice. Rice Research, 13, 131–140.
Beadle C L. 1993. Growth analysis. In: Hall D C, Scurlock J M O, Bolhar-Nordenkampf H R, Leegod R C, Plong S, eds., Photosynyhesis and Production in a Changing Environment. A Field and Laboratory Manual. Chapman and Hall, London. pp. 36–46.
Benegas C P. 1998. Effect of no-tillage systems on chemical and physical characteristics of soil in Paraguy. In: Kokubun M, ed., No-Tillage Cultivation of Soybean and Future Research Needs in South America. Working Report. vol. 13 JIRCAS. Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fishery, Ibaraki. pp. 19–28.
Bharadwaj A K, Singh R K, Singh S P, Singh Y, Singh G, Misra R D, Singh M, Kumar A. 2004. Weed management in zero till sown wheat. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 36, 175–177.
Bhullar M S, Kumar S, Kaur S, Kaur T, Singh J, Yadav R, Chauhan B S, Gill G. 2016. Management of complex weed flora in dry-seeded rice. Crop Protection, 83, 20–26.
Bhushan L, Ladha J K, Gupta R K, Singh S, Tirol-Padre A, Saharawat Y S, Gathala M, Pathak H. 2007. Saving of water and labor in a rice-wheat system with no-tillage and direct seeding technologies. Agronomy Journal, 99, 1288–1296.
Chauhan B S, Gill G, Preston C. 2006. In?uence of tillage systems on vertical distribution, seeding recruitment and persistence of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seed bank. Weed Science, 54, 669–676.
Chauhan B S, Johnson D E. 2009a. Ecological studies on Cyperus difformis, Cyperus iria and Fimbristylis miliacea: Three troublesome annual sedge weeds of rice. Annals of Applied Biology, 155, 103–112.
Chauhan B S, Johnson D E. 2009b. In?uence of tillage systems on weed seedling emergence pattern in rain fed rice. Soil and Tillage Research, 106, 15–21.
Chauhan B S, Migo T, Westerman P R, Johnson D E. 2010. Post-dispersal predation of weed seeds in rice fields. Weed Research, 50, 553–560.
CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center). 1988. From Agronomic Data to Farmer Recommendations: An Economics Training Manual. Completely revised edition. CIMMYT, Mexico D.F. pp. 25–33.
El-Titi A. 2003. Soil Tillage in Agroecosystems. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2014. FAOSTAT Database. FAO, Rome.
Franke A C, Singh S, McRoberts N, Nehra A S, Godara S, Malik R K, Marshall G. 2007. Phalaris minor seed bank studies: longevity, seedling emergence and seed production as affected by tillage regime. Weed Research, 47, 73–83.
Hasanuzzaman M, Islam M O, Bapari M S. 2008. Ef?cacy of different herbicides over manual weeding in controlling weeds in transplanted rice. Australian Journal of Crop Sciences, 2, 18–24.
Hunt R. 1978. Plant Growth Analysis. Edward Arnald, London. p. 37.
Irshad A, Cheema Z A. 2002. Growth analysis of transplanted fine rice under different competition durations with barnyard grass. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 4, 123–126.
Khaliq A, Mahmood S, Matloob A, Khan M B, Awan I U. 2012a. Optimizing seeding density and tank mixture of herbicides help reduce yield losses in dry seeded fine rice. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 18, 167–181.
Khaliq A, Matloob A. 2011. Weed crop competition period in three fine rice cultivars under DSR culture. Pakistan Weed Science Research, 17, 229–243.
Khaliq A, Matloob A, Ahmad N, Rasul F, Awan I U. 2012b. Post emergence chemical weed control in direct seeded fine rice. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 22, 1101–1106.
Khaliq A, Riaz Y, Matloob A. 2011. Bio-economic assessment of chemical and non-chemical weed management strategies in dry seeded fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 3, 302–310.
Mishra J S, Singh V P. 2012. Tillage and weed control effects on productivity of a dry seeded rice-wheat system on a vertisol in Central India. Soil and Tillage Research, 123, 11–20.
Mubeen K, Nadeem M A, Tanveer A, Jhala A J. 2014. Effects of seeding time and weed control methods in DSR (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 24, 534–542.
Onofri A. 2007. Routine statistical analyses of field experiments by using an Excel extension. In: Proceedings 6th National Conference Italian. Biometric Society, Statistics in the Life Sciences and the Environment, Pisa. pp. 93–96.
Prasad R, Gangaiah B, Aipe K C. 1999. Effect of crop residue management in a rice-wheat cropping system on growth and yield of crops and on soil fertility. Experimental Agriculture, 35, 427–435.
Prasad R, Power J F. 1991. Crop residue management. Advances in Soil Science, 15, 205–251.
Rahman M, Juraimi A S, Jaya Suria A S M, Man A B, Anwar P. 2012. Response of weed flora to different herbicides in aerobic rice. Scientific Research and Essays, 7, 12–23.
Rao A N, Johnson D E, Sivaprasad B, Ladha J K, Mortimer A M. 2007. Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Advances in Agronomy, 93, 153–255.
Singh M, Bhullar M S, Chauhan B S. 2015. Influence of tillage, cover cropping, and herbicides on weeds and productivity of dry direct-seeded rice. Soil and Tillage Research, 147, 39–49.
Singh S, Bhushan L, Ladha J K, Gupta R K, Rao A N, Sivaprasad B. 2006. Weed management in dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) cultivated in the furrow-irrigated raised-bed planting system. Crop Protection, 25, 487–495.
Singh S, Yadav A, Malik R K, Singh H. 2002. Long term effect of zero tillage sowing technique on weed flora and productivity of wheat in rice-wheat cropping zones of Indo-Gangetic plains. In: Malik R K, Balyan R S, Yadav A, Pahwa S K, eds., Herbicide Resistance Management and Zero Tillage in Rice-Wheat Cropping System. Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAUH), Hisar, Haryana, India. pp. 155–157.
Singh V P, Dhyani V C, Singh S P, Kumar A, Manalil S, Chauhan B S. 2016. Effect of herbicides on weed management in dry-seeded rice sown under different tillage systems. Crop Protection, 80, 118–126.
Singh V P, Kumar A, Banga A. 2010. Current status of zero tillage in weed management. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 42, 1–9.
Singh Y, Singh B, Timsina J. 2005. Crop residue management for nutrient cycling and improving soil productivity in rice-based cropping systems in the tropics. Advance in Agronomy, 85, 269–407.
Steel R G D, Torrie J H, Dickey D. 1997. Principles and Procedure of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. 3rd ed. McGraw Hill Book, New York. pp. 352–358.
Watson D J. 1947. Comparative physiological studies on the growth of field crops. I. Variation in net assimilation rate and leaf area between species and varieties and between years. Annals of Botany, 11, 41–76.
Weerakoon W M W, Mutunayake M M P, Bandara C, Rao A N, Bhandari D C, Ladha J K. 2011. Direct-seeded rice culture in Sri Lanka: Lessons from farmers. Field Crops Research, 121, 53–63.
|