Bao S D. 2000. Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis. ChinaAgriculture Press, Beijing. pp. 52-60 (in Chinese)Blicher-Mathiesen G, Andersen H E, Carstensen J, BørgesendC D, Hasler B, Windolf J. 2014. Mapping of nitrogen riskareas. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 195,149-160Brye K R, Norman J M, Bundy L G, Gower S T. 1999. Anequilibrium tension lysimeter for measuring drainagethrough soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 163,536-543Burgos N R, Norman R J, Gealy D R, Black H. 2006. CompetitiveN uptake between rice and weedy rice. Field CropsResearch, 99, 96-105Canalia S, Diaconob M, Ciacciaa C, Masettia O, Tittarellia F,Montemurrob F. 2014. Alternative strategies for nitrogenfertilization of overwinter processing spinach (Spinaciaoleracea L.) in Southern Italy. European Journal ofAgronomy, 54, 47-53Cassman K G, de Datta S K, Amarante S T, Libbon S P,Samson M I, Dizon M A. 1996. Long-term comparison ofthe agronomic efficiency and residual benefits of organicand inorganic nitrogen sources for tropical lowland rice.Experimental Agriculture, 32, 427-444Cui S Y, Xue J F, Chen F, Tang W G, Zhang G L, Lal R. 2014.Tillage effects on nitrogen leaching and nitrous oxideemission from double-cropped paddy fields. AgronomyJournal, 106, 15-23Cao, X M, Liu H. 2004. Quality analysis of groundwater in Ningxia. Ningxia Engineering Technoloy, 3, 385-388 (inChinese)Di H J, Cameron K C. 2002. Nitrate leaching in temperateagroecosystems: sources, factors and mitigating strategies.Nutrient Cycling in Agricosystems, 64, 237-256Di H J, Cameron K C. 2005. Reducing environmental impactsof agriculture by using a fine particle suspension nitrificationinhibitor to decrease nitrate leaching from grazed pastures.Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 109, 202-212Dobermann A, Cassman K G. 2002. Plant nutrient managementfor enhanced productivity in intensive grain productionsystems of the United States and Asia. Plant Soil, 247,153-175Francis G S, Haynes R J, Williams P H. 1995. Effects of thetiming of ploughing-in temporary leguminous pastures andtwo winter cover crops on nitrogen mineralization, nitrateleaching and spring wheat growth. Journal of AgriculturalScience, 124, 1-9Gasser M O, Laverdiere M R, Lagace R, Caron J. 2002. Impactof potato-cereal rotation and slurry applications on nitrateleaching and nitrogen balance in sandy soils. CanadianJournal of Soil Science, 82, 469-479Gerwing J R, Caldwell A C, Goodroad L L. 1979. Fertilizernitrogen distribution under irrigation between soil, plant,and aquifer. Journal of Environmental Quality, 8, 281-284Ju X T, Xing G X, Chen X P, Zhang S L, Zhang L J, Liu X J,Cui Z L, Yin B, Christie P, Zhu Z L, Zhang F S. Christie P,Zhu Z L, Zhang F S. 2009. Reducing environmental risk byimproving N management in intensive Chinese agriculturalsystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesof the United States of America, 106, 3041-3046Liang X Q, Xu L, Li H, He M M, Qian Y C, Liu J, Nie Z Y, Ye YS, Chen Y X. 2011. Influence of N fertilization rates, rainfall,and temperature on nitrate leaching from a rain fed winterwheat field in Taihu watershed. Physical, Chemical andEarth Sciences, 36, 395-400Liu R L, Li Y H, Zhang A P, Wang F, Zhao T C, Chen C, HongY, Yang Z L. 2012. Effect of postponing N application on riceyield and N losses in Yellow River irrigation area. Journalof Soil and Water Conservation, 26, 16-20Liu J, You L, Amini M, Obersteiner M, Herrero M, Zehnder A JB, Yang H. 2010. A high-resolution assessment on globalnitrogen flows in cropland. Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of the Sciences of the United States of America,107, 8035-8040Martin E C, Loudon T L, Ritchie J T, Werner A. 1994. Useof drainage lysimeters to evaluate nitrogen and irrigationmanagement strategies to minimize nitrate leaching inmaize production. Transactions of the ASAE, 37, 79-83Meng F, Olesen J E, Sun X, Wu W. 2014. Inorganic nitrogenleaching from organic and conventional rice production ona newly claimed calciustoll in central Asia. PLOS ONE, 9,e98138.Moreno F, Cayuela J A, Fernandez J E, Fernandez-Boy E,Murillo J M, Cabrera F. 1996. Water balance and nitrateleaching in an irrigated maize crop in SW Spain. AgriculturalWater Management, 32, 71-83Peng S B, Huang J L, Zhong X H, Yang J C, Wang G H, Zou YB, Zhang F S, Zhu Q S, Buresh R, Witt C. 2002. Researchstrategy in improving fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency ofirrigated rice in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 35,1095-1103 (in Chinese)Peng S, Buresh R J, Huang J. 2006. Strategies for overcominglow agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in irrigated ricesystems in China. Field Crops Research, 96, 37-47Peng S, Tang Q, Zou Y. 2009. Current status and challenges ofrice production in China. Plant Production Science, 12, 3-8Prunty L, Greenland R, 1997. Nitrite leaching using twopotato-corn N-fertilizer plans on sandy soil. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment, 65, 1-13Qiao J, Yang L Z, Yan T M, Xue F, Zhao D. 2012. Nitrogenfertilizer reduction in rice production for two consecutiveyears in the Taihu Lake area. Agriculture Ecosystems andEnvironment, 146, 103-112Riley W J, Ortiz-Monasterio I, Matson P A. 2001. Nitrogenleaching and soil nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium levelsunder irrigated wheat in Northern Mexico. Nutrient Cyclingin Agroecosystems, 61, 223-236SAS Institute, 1990. SAS User’s Guide: Statistics. StatisticalAnalysis System Institute Inc, Cary, NC.Song X Z, Zhao C X, Wang X L, Li J. 2009. Study of nitrateleaching and nitrogen fate under intensive vegetableproduction pattern in northern China. Comptes RendusBiologies, 332, 386-391Statistical Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 2013.Ningxia Statistical Yearbook. China Statistics Press, Beijing,China. (in Chinese)Van der Laana M, Annandalea J G, Bristowa K L, StirzakeraR J, du Preezc C C, Thorburnb P J. 2014. Modellingnitrogen leaching: Are we getting the right answer for theright reason? Agricultural Water Management, 133, 74-80.Ventura W, Watanabe L. 1993. Green manure production ofAzolla microphylla and Sesbania rostrata and their longtermeffects on rice yields and soil fertility. Biology andFertility of Soils, 15, 241-248Wang C Y. 1998. Research of rice side bar fertilizationtechnique. Soil Fertilizer Science, 2, 43-46 (in Chinese)Wang D J, Liu Q, Lin J H, Sun R J. 2004. Optimum nitrogen useand reduced nitrogen loss for production of rice and wheatin the Yangtse Delta region. Environmental Geochemistryand Health, 26, 221-227Yang S Q, Wang Y S, Xie X J, Han R Y, Yang Z L. 2014. Effectof nitrate nitrogen leaching of paddy field based on swingmanure application in the Yellow River irrigation district ofNingxia. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 34, 4572-4579 (in Chinese)Yi J, Zhang Q W, Yang Z L. 2011. Concentration change andmigration characteristics of nitrogen in the paddy field ofNingxia Yellow River irrigation area. Chinese Journal ofEco-Agriculture, 19, 771-777 (in Chinese)Yu T, Chen J S. 2004. Impacts of the agricultural developmenton the water quality and nitrogen pollution of the YellowRiver-case of Ningxia irrigation area. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 18, 2-9 (in Chinese)Yuichi T, Jun J, Tadaaki Y. 1992. Improvement of the quantityof drained water from paddy field and the growth of riceplant by side-dressing. Bulletin of the Shimane AgriculturalExperiment Station, 26, 25-49 (in Japanese)Yun F, Li Y, Yang J N. 2005. Investigation on simulationof dynamic distribution of COD and ammonia-nitrogenpollution in Ningxia segment of the Yellow River. Journal ofNingxia University (Natural Science Edition), 26, 283-287(in Chinese)Zhang A P, Gao J, Liu R L, Chen Z, Yang S Q, Yang Z L,Shao H B, Zhang Q W, Nagai Y Z. 2014. Nursery-box totalfertilization technique (NBTF) application for increasingnitrogen use efficiency in Chinese irrigated rice land:N-soil interactions. Land Degradation and Development.Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), doi: 10.1002/ldr.2346.Zhang A P, Yang S Q, Yi J, Yang Z L. 2010. Analysis oncurrent situation of water pollution and pollutant sources inNingxia Yellow River irrigation region. Chinese Journal ofEco-Agriculture, 18, 1295−1301. (in Chinese)Zhang Q W, Yang Z L, Zhang H, Yi J. 2012. Recovery efficiencyand loss of 15N-labelled urea in a rice-soil system in theupper reaches of the Yellow River basin. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment, 158, 118-126Zhang X J, Chen X Q, Luo J H, Wu L S, Hu C S. 2007. Effectof different water and nitrogen measure on n utilization andbalance of different rotate system. Journal of Irrigation andDrainage, 26, 6-10 (in Chinese)Zhao Y, Tong Y A, Zhang S L, Zhang S L, Liang J X, Zhou T.2010. Effect of different N, P2O5, K2O rates on yield andfertilizer using efficiency of paddy rice in irrigation warpingsoil of Ningxia. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-OccidentalisSinica, 19, 118-121 (in Chinese)Zheng X, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wang M. 2003. Seasonalcharacteristics of nitric oxide emission from a typicalChinese rice-wheat rotation during the nonwater loggedperiod. Global Change Biology, 9, 219-227Zhou S, Nishiyama K, Watanabe Y, Hosomi M. 2009. Nitrogenbudget and ammonia volatilization in paddy fields fertilizedwith liquid cattle waste. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 201,135-147Zhu Z L. 2002. Nitrogen management in relation to foodproduction and environment in China. Acta PedologicaSinica, 39, 3-11 (in Chinese)Zvomuya F, Rosen C J, Russelle M P,Gupta S C. 2003. Nitrateleaching and nitrogen recovery following application ofpolyolefin-coated urea to potato. Journal of EnvironmentalQuality, 32, 480-489 |