Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2013, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (9): 1568-1579.DOI: 10.1016/s2095-3119(13)60339-1

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

Impact of Tillage and Herbicides on Weed Density, Yield and Quality of Cotton in Wheat Based Cropping System

 Khalid Usman, Niamatullah Khan, Muhammad Umar Khan, Aziz ur Rehman , Said Ghulam   

  1. 1.Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I.Khan 29050, Pakistan
    2.Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I.Khan 29050, Pakistan
    3.Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I.Khan 29050, Pakistan
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-21 出版日期:2013-09-01 发布日期:2013-09-15
  • 通讯作者: Correspondence Khalid Usman, Tel: +92-966750087, Fax: +92-966750255, E-mail: marwat7862003@yahoo.com
  • 作者简介:The author wishes to thank the Gomal University, D.I.Khan that provided land for this research.

Impact of Tillage and Herbicides on Weed Density, Yield and Quality of Cotton in Wheat Based Cropping System

 Khalid Usman, Niamatullah Khan, Muhammad Umar Khan, Aziz ur Rehman , Said Ghulam   

  1. 1.Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I.Khan 29050, Pakistan
    2.Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I.Khan 29050, Pakistan
    3.Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I.Khan 29050, Pakistan
  • Received:2012-09-21 Online:2013-09-01 Published:2013-09-15
  • Contact: Correspondence Khalid Usman, Tel: +92-966750087, Fax: +92-966750255, E-mail: marwat7862003@yahoo.com
  • About author:The author wishes to thank the Gomal University, D.I.Khan that provided land for this research.

PDF

摘要： Conservation tillage may improve yield of cotton in addition to improvement in soil quality if practiced for longer period. However, the practice may not be productive in short-term particularly when severe weeds are infesting the crops such as Cynodon dactylon, Conyza canadensis, Tribulus terrestris, and Cyperus rotundus, etc. Recent studies indicate that conventional tillage (CT) is more productive than zero tillage (ZT)/reduced tillage (RT). Performance of cotton under three tillage systems, viz., ZT, RT and CT; and five herbicides, i.e., haloxyfop-R-methyl 10.8 EC (108 g a.i. ha-1), lactofen 24 EC (168 g a.i. ha-1), haloxyfop 10.8 EC + lactofen 24 EC, hand weeding, and weedy check were evaluated during 2010-2011 at Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan, to explore the best management option for effective weed control, enhanced yield and quality of cotton grown after wheat. The results revealed that hand weeding and Haloxyfop as post emergence alone or in combination with Lactofen reduced weed density to the minimum irrespective of the tillage systems. Excessive rainfall and cooler temperature limited cotton growth and yield in 2010. The adverse weather conditions had more adverse effect on boll weight under ZT and RT than CT. Haloxyfop + lactofen produced higher seed cotton yield in RT than ZT, however, it could not exceed CT. Broad-spectrum herbicides × CT produced the highest number of bolls/plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield. Fiber quality and net returns were also the highest in broad-spectrum herbicides × CT. In conclusion, broad-spectrum herbicides under CT were more productive in wheat based cropping system on silty clay soil of D.I.Khan.

关键词: tillage , herbicide , cotton , seed cotton yield , weed density , net return

Abstract: Conservation tillage may improve yield of cotton in addition to improvement in soil quality if practiced for longer period. However, the practice may not be productive in short-term particularly when severe weeds are infesting the crops such as Cynodon dactylon, Conyza canadensis, Tribulus terrestris, and Cyperus rotundus, etc. Recent studies indicate that conventional tillage (CT) is more productive than zero tillage (ZT)/reduced tillage (RT). Performance of cotton under three tillage systems, viz., ZT, RT and CT; and five herbicides, i.e., haloxyfop-R-methyl 10.8 EC (108 g a.i. ha-1), lactofen 24 EC (168 g a.i. ha-1), haloxyfop 10.8 EC + lactofen 24 EC, hand weeding, and weedy check were evaluated during 2010-2011 at Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan, to explore the best management option for effective weed control, enhanced yield and quality of cotton grown after wheat. The results revealed that hand weeding and Haloxyfop as post emergence alone or in combination with Lactofen reduced weed density to the minimum irrespective of the tillage systems. Excessive rainfall and cooler temperature limited cotton growth and yield in 2010. The adverse weather conditions had more adverse effect on boll weight under ZT and RT than CT. Haloxyfop + lactofen produced higher seed cotton yield in RT than ZT, however, it could not exceed CT. Broad-spectrum herbicides × CT produced the highest number of bolls/plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield. Fiber quality and net returns were also the highest in broad-spectrum herbicides × CT. In conclusion, broad-spectrum herbicides under CT were more productive in wheat based cropping system on silty clay soil of D.I.Khan.

Key words: tillage , herbicide , cotton , seed cotton yield , weed density , net return