昆虫介体核转运与泛素系统协同促进水稻条纹病毒NS3蛋白入核及病毒复制

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.04.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多数对农业安全生造成严重危害的植物病毒都依赖于昆虫介体进行传播。病毒及其编码的蛋白进入宿主细胞核的过程是其复制和感染扩散的关键环节。灰飞虱（Laodelphax striatellus）传播的水稻条纹病毒（Rice stripe virus，RSV），是水稻上最具破坏性的病原物之一。本研究发现，RSV侵染能显著诱导灰飞虱经典与非经典核转运途径相关基因的表达。其中，灰飞虱核转运蛋白β家族成员—importin5（LsIPO5）在RSV感染的中肠中表达量显著上调了84%。进一步研究发现，RSV非结构蛋白NS3上的核定位信号（NLS，¹⁶⁸YRSPSKKRHKYV¹⁷⁹）能够直接与LsIPO5结合，从而促进NS3的核转运过程。此外，灰飞虱RING型E3泛素连接酶（LsRING）介导的NS3泛素化修饰，不仅增强了NS3与LsIPO5的结合，还增加了NS3在灰飞虱细胞的核周定位。当同时沉默LsIPO5和LsRING基因时，灰飞虱体内的RSV载量显著降低。这些结果表明泛素化修饰与LsIPO5协同促进了NS3的核转运，从而增强了RSV的复制。我们的研究揭示了RSV在昆虫介体中感染的分子协同机制，并为通过昆虫介体控制植物病毒病传播提供了潜在靶标。

Abstract:

Plant viruses pose significant threats to agriculture, with many vectored by insect pests. The entry of viruses and their encoded proteins into the host nucleus is a critical step for promoting some viral replication and enabling systemic infection. Laodelphax striatellus, also known as the small brown planthopper (SBPH), is an efficient vector for rice stripe virus (RSV), one of the most damaging viruses of rice. In this study, we demonstrate that RSV infection induces the expression of genes in both the classical and non-classical nuclear import pathways of SBPH. A gene belonging to the importin β family, importin 5 (LsIPO5), was upregulated by 84% in SBPH midguts infected with RSV. The nuclear localization signal (NLS, ¹⁶⁸YRSPSKKRHKYV¹⁷⁹) is located within the nonstructural protein NS3 directly bound to LsIPO5, thereby facilitating NS3 nuclear entry. Moreover, a RING-type E3 ligase (LsRING) in SBPH, which mediated the ubiquitination of NS3 in the insect vector, enhanced NS3 binding to LsIPO5 and facilitated NS3 perinuclear localization. Combined treatment of SBPH with both dsIPO5 and dsRING significantly reduced RSV loads, highlighting the importance of LsIPO5 and NS3 ubiquitination cooperation in facilitating viral replication. Our findings provide new insights into synergistic molecular mechanisms that govern RSV infection and suggest potential therapeutic targets to control viral transmission through their insect vectors.

Key words: Laodelphax striatellus , rice stripe virus , cytoplasmic-nuclear trafficking , importin , ubiquitin

. 昆虫介体核转运与泛素系统协同促进水稻条纹病毒NS3蛋白入核及病毒复制[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.04.025.

Lu Zhang, Ze Qu, Yihui Tan, Yao Li, Xinyi Li, Zhipeng Huang, Siyuan Ruan, Shimin Zuo, Fang Liu, Wenxing Hu. Rice stripe virus protein NS3 exploits synergistically insect vector importin and ubiquitin systems to promote viral replication[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.04.025.

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