直播稻采用是否影响农药施用？来自中国的证据

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在中国，越来越多农民采用直播稻。虽然直播稻的影响得到了一些研究，但直播稻采用对农药施用影响的证据却很少。本研究利用2018年对中国长江流域982位稻农的调查数据，研究了直播稻采用对农药施用的影响，并且采用内生处理回归模型和转换回归模型来解决自选择问题。结果表明，在考虑自选择问题后，采用直播稻的农户与未采用直播稻的农户相比，每公顷多花费401.72元购买农药。虽然直播稻采用大幅增加了杀虫剂、杀菌剂和除草剂的使用，但其对杀虫剂和除草剂支出的正向影响分别最大和最小。通过替换因变量、对研究样本进行极端值删除以及改变计量估计方法，本研究证实了研究结果的稳健性。异质性分析表明，对于年龄在60岁以下、至少受过6年教育、水稻播种面积小于2公顷的农民来说，直播稻采用对农药支出的正向影响更大。基于这些结果，本研究建议应加强直播稻配套技术普及、直播稻栽培技术推广和社会化服务。总之，本研究更加全面地论述了直播稻的优缺点，重点关注其对农药施用的影响，为减少农药施用提出了重要的政策建议。

Abstract:

In China, farmers have increasingly adopted direct-seeded rice (DSR). While various impacts of DSR have been studied, limited evidence exists regarding the effect of DSR adoption on pesticide use. This study examines the impact of DSR adoption on pesticide use utilizing data from a 2018 survey of 982 rice farmers in China’s Yangtze River Basin. The endogenous treatment-regression and switching regression models are employed to address self-selection bias. The results indicate that, after accounting for self-selection, DSR adopters spend 401.72 CNY ha–1 more on pesticides compared to non-adopters. Although DSR adoption significantly increases the use of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, its impact is most pronounced for insecticide expenditure and least pronounced for herbicide expenditure. The findings remain robust when altering the dependent variable, truncating the research sample, and modifying the estimation method. Heterogeneous analysis reveals that DSR adoption has a stronger positive impact on pesticide expenditure among farmers below 60 years of age, with at least 6 years of education, and managing rice sown areas less than 2 ha. Based on these findings, this study recommends enhancing complementary techniques for DSR, improving the dissemination of DSR cultivation technologies, and strengthening socialized services. This research provides a comprehensive assessment of DSR’s advantages and disadvantages, particularly regarding pesticide use, offering important policy implications for pesticide reduction.

Key words: direct-seeded rice , pesticide use , self-selection issue , labor-saving technology , China

Chao Zhang, Shanshan Li, Fan Yang, Ruifa Hu. 直播稻采用是否影响农药施用？来自中国的证据[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(1): 366-376.

Chao Zhang, Shanshan Li, Fan Yang, Ruifa Hu.

Does the adoption of direct-seeded rice affect pesticide use? Evidence from China [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(1): 366-376.

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