水肥运筹对南四湖流域小麦水氮利用效率及氮流失的影响

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.03.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

河流和湖泊富营养化普遍存在，农业面源污染是其重要的诱因。本研究共设置4种水肥处理：常规施肥+常规灌溉（CK）、减量缓控释肥+常规灌溉（F2W1）、等量控释肥替代+减量灌溉（F1W2）、减量缓控释肥+减量灌溉（F2W2），采用水热碳氮耦合模型，研究优化水肥处理对南四湖小麦季农田水氮运移的影响。结果表明，缓控释肥替代常规肥、减量灌溉都可以减少氮素流失。与对照相比，F2W1处理氮累积淋溶量和氨挥发量分别降低了8.90%和41.67%；F1W2处理氮累积淋溶量和氨挥发量分别降低12.50%和15.99%。与其他处理相比，F2W2处理在稳产的基础上显著降低了氮素流失，氮淋溶和氨挥发量较对照处理分别降低了29.17%和27.13%，水分和氮素利用效率分别提高了11.38%和17.80%。综合来看，四种水肥运筹中F2W2处理效果最优。研究结果进一步证实了优化水肥管理对提高小麦水氮利用效率的作用，有利于缓解南四湖区农田氮素流失。

Abstract:

The eutrophication of rivers and lakes is becoming increasingly common, primarily because of pollution from agricultural non-point sources. We investigated the effects of optimized water and fertilizer treatments on agricultural non-point source pollution in the Nansi Lake region. The water heat carbon nitrogen simulator model was used to analyze water and nitrogen transport in Nansi Lake wheat fields. Four water and fertilizer treatments were set up: conventional fertilization and irrigation (CK), reduced controlled-release fertilizer and conventional irrigation (F2W1), an equal amount of controlled-release fertilizer and reduced irrigation (F1W2), and reduced controlled-release fertilizer and reduced irrigation (F2W2). The results indicated that the replacement of conventional fertilizers with controlled-release fertilizers, combined with reduced irrigation, led to reduced nitrogen loss. Compared with those of the CK, the cumulative nitrogen leaching and ammonia volatilization of F2W1 were reduced by 8.90 and 41.67%, respectively; under F1W2, the same parameters were reduced by 12.50 and 15.99%, respectively. Compared with the other treatments, F2W2 significantly reduced nitrogen loss while producing a stable yield. Compared with those of the CK, ammonia volatilization and nitrogen loss due to leaching were reduced by 29.17 and 27.13%, respectively, water and nitrogen use efficiencies increased by 11.38 and 17.80%, respectively. F2W2 showed the best performance among the treatments, considering water and fertilizer management. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of optimizing water and fertilizer application in improving the water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat, which is of great significance for mitigating nitrogen loss from farmland in the Nansi Lake region.

Key words: controlled-release fertilizer , reduced irrigation , water heat carbon nitrogen simulator model , nitrogen loss

. 水肥运筹对南四湖流域小麦水氮利用效率及氮流失的影响[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.03.013.

Jingyi Feng, He Zhang, Hongyuan Zhang, Xirui Kang, Hui Wang, Hong Pan, Quangang Yang, Zhongchen Yang, Yajie Sun, Yanhong Lou, Zhuge Yuping. Optimization of fertilization combined with water-saving irrigation improves the water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of wheat and reduces nitrogen loss in the Nansi Lake Basin, China[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.03.013.

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