缓控释肥料的组合配施策略能够在满足弱筋小麦养分需求的同时平衡其产量和品质

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

施用缓控释肥料是一种轻简化栽培技术，能够提高小麦的产量和氮肥利用效率（NUE），然而关于一次性施用不同释放期的缓控释氮（N）肥组合配施对小麦籽粒品质的影响的研究仍然有限。本研究采用了脲酶抑制剂尿素（AHA）、硫包衣尿素（SCU）、SCU与AHA肥料的组合（BSAF）以及混合控释肥料（BRNF），探讨了缓控释肥料的田间养分释放以及对弱筋小麦籽粒产量、氮素利用效率（NUE）和蛋白质含量的影响。本研究旨在确定一次性施用缓控释肥料对小麦籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响及其潜在机制。结果表明，不同缓控释肥料处理的氮释放速率明显不同。AHA表现为快速释放模式，SCU和BSAF为缓慢释放模式，而BRNF则为控释模式。与CK相比，BRNF提高了籽粒产量，降低了弱筋小麦的蛋白质含量，籽粒产量平均提高了7.47%，蛋白质含量降低了1.85%。BRNF更高的氮素利用效率（NUE）、氮素农学利用效率（NAE）和氮素表观回收效率（NRF）得益于较高的氮素吸收量。然而，AHA、SCU和BSAF则表现出相反的趋势。与CK相比，BRNF提高了花后干物质积累（PDMA）及花后干物质对籽粒的贡献率（CDA），同时降低了花后氮积累（PNA）及花后氮积累对籽粒的贡献率（CNA）。产量提高和蛋白质含量降低的主要原因分别与PDMA和CDA的增加以及PNA和CNA的降低有关。因此，BRNF是一种有效的农艺策略，可以促进弱筋小麦籽粒产量与品质的协同提高。

Abstract:

The application of slow-controlled release fertilizer is a simplified and labor-saving cultivation technology and can improve yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of wheat, whereas the research on the impact of a single application of different release periods controlled-release nitrogen (N) fertilizer on wheat grain quality is still limited. In our study, urease inhibitor urea (AHA), sulfur-coated urea (SCU), combination of SCU and AHA fertilizer (BSAF) and blended slow-controlled release fertilizer (BRNF) were used to investigate the effect of slow-controlled release fertilizer on nutrient release, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and protein content of soft wheat. We aimed to determine the effect of one-time application of control release fertilizer on wheat grain yield and protein content and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that different slow-controlled release fertilizers treatments had significantly different N release rates. AHA presented a fast release mode, SCU and BSAF presented a slow-release mode, and BRNF presented a controlled release mode. Compared with CK, BRNF increased grain yield and decreased protein content of soft wheat, with an average increase of 7.47% in grain yield and decrease of 1.85% in protein content. The higher N absorption of BRNF led to greater NUE, N agronomic efficiency (NAE) and N apparent recovery fraction (NRF). However, AHA, SCU and BSAF all showed an opposite trend. Compared with CK, BRNF improved post-anthesis dry matter accumulation (PDMA) and contribution rate of dry matter accumulated post-anthesis to the grain (CDA), while decreasing post-anthesis N accumulation (PNA) and the contribution rate of post-anthesis N accumulation to grain (CNA). The main reasons for the improve in yield and decrease in protein content were related to the increase in PDMA and CDA, and the decrease in PNA and CNA, respectively. Therefore, BRNF was an effective agronomic strategy to promote the coordination of grain yield and quality of soft wheat

Key words: soft wheat , slow-controlled release fertilizer , , , nutrient release , , protein content , , N use efficiency

. 缓控释肥料的组合配施策略能够在满足弱筋小麦养分需求的同时平衡其产量和品质[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.038.

Yingpeng Wang, Yifan Hua, Lanxin Mei, Yixuan Meng, Yongtao Guo, Jian Cai, Mei Huang, Yingxin Zhong, Xiao Wang, Dong Jiang, Qin Zhou. The combined application strategy of controlled-release fertilizers can balance the yield and quality of soft wheat while meeting its nutrient requirements[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.038.

参考文献

De Santis M A, Giuliani M M, Flagella Z, Reyneri A, Blandino M. 2020. Impact of nitrogen fertilisation strategies on the protein content, gluten composition and rheological properties of wheat for biscuit production. Field Crops Research, 254, 107829.

Ding Y G, Zhang X B, Ma Q, Li F J, Tao R R, Zhu M, Li C Y, Zhu X K, Guo W S, Ding J F. 2023. Tiller fertility is critical for improving grain yield, photosynthesis, and nitrogen efficiency in wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22, 2054-2066.

Dou Y X, Zhao H B, Yang H M, Wang T, Liu G F, Wang Z H, Malhi S. 2024. The first factor affecting dryland winter wheat grain yield under various mulching measures: Spike number. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 23, 836-848.

Duan T, Chapman S, Guo Y, Zheng B. 2017. Dynamic monitoring of NDVI in wheat agronomy and breeding trials using an unmanned aerial vehicle. Field Crops Research, 210, 71-80.

Gao Y X, Shao Y Q, Wang J Q, Hu B, Feng H J, Qu Z M, Liu Z G, Zhang M, Li C L, Liu Y L. 2024. Effects of straw returning combined with blended controlled-release urea fertilizer on crop yields, greenhouse gas emissions, and net ecosystem economic benefits: A nine-year field trial. Journal of Environmental Management, 356, 120633.

Geng J, Chen J, Sun Y, Zheng W, Tian X, Yang Y, Li C, Zhang M. 2016. Controlled release urea improved nitrogen use efficiency and yield of wheat and corn. Agronomy Journal, 108, 1666-1673.

Hassan M A, Yang M J, Rasheed A, Yang G J, Reynolds M, Xia X C, Xiao Y G, He Z H. 2019. A rapid monitoring of NDVI across the wheat growth cycle for grain yield prediction using a multi-spectral UAV platform. Plant Science, 282, 95-103.

Hu S Y, Qiao B W, Yang Y H, Rees R M, Huang W H, Zou J, Zhang L, Zheng H Y, Liu S Y, Shen S J. 2023. Optimizing nitrogen rates for synergistically achieving high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency with low environmental risks in wheat production–Evidences from a long-term experiment in the North China Plain. European Journal of Agronomy, 142, 126681.

Jiang Z R, Chen Q L, Liu D, Tao W K, Gao S, Li J Q, Lin C H, Zhu M C, Ding Y F, Li W W. 2024. Application of slow-controlled release fertilizer coordinates the carbon flow in carbon-nitrogen metabolism to effect rice quality. Bmc Plant Biology, 24, 621.

Ke J, Sun J, Chen T T, Tao S B, Zhu T Z, Yin C J, He H B, You C C, Wu L Q, Guo S S. 2023. Effects of mixed fertilizers formed by the compounding of two targeted controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers on yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and ammonia volatilization in double-cropping rice. The Crop Journal, 11, 628-637.

Ke J, Xing X M, Li G H, Ding Y F, Dou F G, Wang S H, Liu Z H, Tang S, Ding C Q, Chen L. 2017. Effects of different controlled-release nitrogen fertilisers on ammonia volatilisation, nitrogen use efficiency and yield of blanket-seedling machine-transplanted rice. Field Crops Research, 205, 147-156.

Kong X F, Hou R X, Yang G. 2024. Effects of climactic warming on the starch and protein content of winter wheat grain under conservation tillage in the North China Plain. Soil and Tillage Research, 238, 105995.

Lawrencia D, Wong S K, Low D Y S, Goh B H, Goh J K, Ruktanonchai U R, Soottitantawat A, Lee L H, Tang S Y. 2021. Controlled release fertilizers: A review on coating materials and mechanism of release. Plants, 10, 238.

Li C L, Wang Y, Li Y X, Zhu L, Cao Y Q, Zhao X H, Feng G Z, Gao Q. 2020. Mixture of controlled‐release and normal urea to improve nitrogen management for maize across contrasting soil types. Agronomy Journal, 112, 3101-3113.

Li G H, Zhao B, Dong S T, Zhang J W, Liu P, Ren B Z, Lu D L, Lu W P. 2019. Morphological and physiological characteristics of maize roots in response to controlled‐release urea under different soil moisture conditions. Agronomy Journal, 111, 1849-1864.

Li J P, Wang Z M, Yao C S, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y H. 2021a. Micro-sprinkling irrigation simultaneously improves grain yield and protein concentration of winter wheat in the North China Plain. The Crop Journal, 9, 1397-1407.

Li R C, Gao Y X, Chen Q, Li Z L, Gao F, Meng Q M, Li T G, Liu A R, Wang Q, Wu L, Wang Y, Liu Z G, Zhang M. 2021b. Blended controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer with straw returning improved soil nitrogen availability, soil microbial community, and root morphology of wheat. Soil and Tillage Research, 212, 105045.

Lyu X X, Yang Y C, Li Y C, Fan X H, Wan Y S, Geng Y Q, Zhang M. 2015. Polymer‐coated tablet urea improved rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Agronomy Journal, 107, 1837-1844.

Ma Q, Qian Y S, Yu Q Q, Cao Y F, Tao R R, Zhu M, Ding J F, Li C Y, Guo W S, Zhu X K. 2023. Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer application mitigated N losses and modified microbial community while improving wheat yield and N use efficiency. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 349,

Ma Q, Sun Q, Zhang X B, Li F J, Ding Y G, Tao R T, Zhu M, Ding J F, Li C Y, Guo W S, Zhu X K. 2022a. Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer management influences grain yield in winter wheat by regulating flag leaf senescence post-anthesis and grain filling. Food and Energy Security, 11, e361.

Ma Q, Tao R R, Ding Y G, Zhang X B, Li F J, Zhu M, Ding J F, Li C Y, Guo W S, Zhu X K, Sheng H J. 2022b. Can split application of slow-release fertilizer improve wheat yield, nitrogen efficiency and their stability in different ecological regions? Agronomy, 12, 407.

Ma Q, Wang M Y, Zheng G L, Yao Y, Tao R R, Zhu M, Ding J F, Li C Y, Guo W S, Zhu X K. 2021. Twice-split application of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer met the nitrogen demand of winter wheat. Field Crops Research, 267, 108163.

Morris C F, Engle D A, Kiszonas A M. 2020. Breeding, selection, and quality characteristics of soft white wheat. Cereal Foods World, 65, 53.

Naz M Y, Sulaiman S A. 2016. Slow release coating remedy for nitrogen loss from conventional urea: a review. Journal of Controlled Release, 225, 109-120.

Rekowski A, Wimmer M A, Hitzmann B, Hermannseder B, Hahn H, Zörb C. 2020. Application of urease inhibitor improves protein composition and bread‐baking quality of urea fertilized winter wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 183, 260-270.

Shakoor A, Xu Y L, Wang Q, Chen N Y, He F, Zuo H F, Yin H X, Yan X Y, Ma Y H, Yang S Y. 2018. Effects of fertilizer application schemes and soil environmental factors on nitrous oxide emission fluxes in a rice-wheat cropping system, east China. PLoS ONE, 13, e0202016.

Shang Q S, Wang Y P, Tang H, Sui N, Zhang X S, Wang F. 2021. Genetic, hormonal, and environmental control of tillering in wheat. The Crop Journal, 9, 986-991.

Sieling K, Kage H. 2021. Apparent fertilizer N recovery and the relationship between grain yield and grain protein concentration of different winter wheat varieties in a long-term field trial. European Journal of Agronomy, 124, 126246.

Wang Q, Wen J, Wen Y J, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Wang Y N, Bai L Y, Su S M, Zeng X B. 2021. Alteration of soil-surface electrochemical properties by organic fertilization to reduce dissolved inorganic nitrogen leaching in paddy fields. Soil and Tillage Research, 209, 104956.

Wang Y Q, Peng Y, Lin J Q, Wang L X, Jia Z K, Zhang R. 2023. Optimal nitrogen management to achieve high wheat grain yield, grain protein content, and water productivity: A meta-analysis. Agricultural Water Management, 290, 108587.

Yan S C, Wu Y, Fan J L, Zhang F C, Guo J J, Zheng J, Wu L F. 2022. Optimization of drip irrigation and fertilization regimes to enhance winter wheat grain yield by improving post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and translocation in northwest China. Agricultural Water Management, 271, 107782.

Yang X Y, Li C L, Zhang Q, Liu Z G, Geng J B, Zhang M. 2017. Effects of polymer-coated potassium chloride on cotton yield, leaf senescence and soil potassium. Field Crops Research, 212, 145-152.

Yang Y C, Zhang M, Zheng L, Cheng D D, Liu M, Geng Y Q. 2011. Controlled release urea improved nitrogen use efficiency, yield, and quality of wheat. Agronomy Journal, 103, 479-485.

Yin L J, Dai X L, He M R. 2018. Delayed sowing improves nitrogen utilization efficiency in winter wheat without impacting yield. Field Crops Research, 221, 90-97.

Yu X R, Chen X Y, Wang L L, Yang Y, Zhu X W, Shao S S, Cui W X, Xiong F. 2017. Novel insights into the effect of nitrogen on storage protein biosynthesis and protein body development in wheat caryopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 68, 2259-2274.

Yu X, Keitel C, Zhang Y, Wangeci A N, Dijkstra F A. 2022. Global meta-analysis of nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in rice, wheat and maize. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 338, 108089.

Zhang G X, Liu S J, Dong Y J, Liao Y C, Han J. 2022a. A nitrogen fertilizer strategy for simultaneously increasing wheat grain yield and protein content: Mixed application of controlled-release urea and normal urea. Field Crops Research, 277, 108405.

Zhang G X, Zhao D H, Liu S J, Liao Y C, Han J. 2022b. Can controlled-release urea replace the split application of normal urea in China? A meta-analysis based on crop grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Field Crops Research, 275, 108343.

Zhang S H, Qi X H, Gao M Y, Dai C J, Yin G H, Ma D Y, Feng W, Guo T C, He L. 2024. Estimation of wheat protein content and wet gluten content based on fusion of hyperspectral and RGB sensors using machine learning algorithms. Food Chemistry, 448, 139103.

Zheng B Q, Fang Q, Zhang C X, Mahmood H, Zhou Q, Li W Y, Li X N, Cai J, Wang X, Zhong Y X, Huang M, Cao W X, Dai T B, Jiang D. 2020. Reducing nitrogen rate and increasing plant density benefit processing quality by modifying the spatial distribution of protein bodies and gluten proteins in endosperm of a soft wheat cultivar. Field Crops Research, 253, 107831.

Zheng B Q, Zhang X Q, Wang Q, Li W Y, Huang M, Zhou Q, Cai J, Wang X, Cao W X, Dai T B, Jiang D. 2021. Increasing plant density improves grain yield, protein quality and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of soft wheat cultivars with reduced nitrogen rate. Field Crops Research, 267, 108145.

Zheng W K, Zhang M, Liu Z G, Zhou H Y, Lu H, Zhang W T, Yang Y C, Li C L, Chen B C. 2016. Combining controlled-release urea and normal urea to improve the nitrogen use efficiency and yield under wheat-maize double cropping system. Field Crops Research, 197, 52-62.

Zhu T Z, Yin C J, Zhu T C, Zhou P F, Wu L Q, Wang G J, He H B, You C C, Zhang Q W, Ke J. 2024. Delaying panicle nitrogen application to emergence of 3rd leaf from flag leaf increases the grain-filling ability and yield of large-panicle rice by increasing stem nonstructural carbohydrates at heading. Field Crops Research, 312, 109405.